Hussen Siraj, Assegu Demissie, Tadesse Birkneh Tilahun, Shimelis Techalew
School of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines. 2021 Feb 1;7(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s40794-020-00127-x.
Schistosomiasis is a common helminthic infection in the tropics and subtropics, particularly in sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. In these counties, Schistosoma mansoni infection is a significant public health problem due to the risk of reinfection and recurrent disease despite implementing several rounds preventive chemotherapy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at assessing the pooled prevalence of schistosomiasis in Ethiopia.
The PRISMA guidelines were followed to perform the systematic review and meta-analysis. Published studies from January 1999 to June 2020 were searched in Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, HINARI, and Cochrane Library using key words including: "prevalence", "incidence", "schistosomiasis" "Bilharziasis", "Bilharzia", "S. mansoni ", "Ethiopia". Heterogeneity of included studies was assessed using Cochran's Q test and I test statistics while publication bias was assessed using Egger's test.
Ninety-four studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of S. mansoni in Ethiopia was 18.0% (95%CI: 14.0-23.0). The southern region of Ethiopia had a higher S. mansoni prevalence of 25.9% (995% CI, 14.9-41.1) than the national prevalence. The burden of S. mansoni infection was also higher than the national average in rural areas and among men with pooled prevalence of 20.2% (95% CI, 13.2-28.5) and 28.5% (95%CI, 22.7,35.1), respectively. The trend analysis showed that the prevalence of S. mansoni infection in Ethiopia decreased over the past 15 years, potentially because of the repeated preventive chemotherapy.
The review unveiled a moderate prevalence of S. mansoni infection in Ethiopia. Targeted treatment of at-risk population groups ad high burden areas coupled with implementation of integrated vector control strategies are critical to address the burden of Schistosomiasis.
血吸虫病是热带和亚热带地区常见的蠕虫感染病，在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的撒哈拉以南非洲国家尤为普遍。在这些国家，尽管实施了多轮预防性化疗，但由于存在再感染和疾病复发的风险，曼氏血吸虫感染仍是一个重大的公共卫生问题。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估埃塞俄比亚血吸虫病的合并患病率。
遵循PRISMA指南进行系统评价和荟萃分析。在Medline、PubMed、谷歌学术、EMBASE、HINARI和Cochrane图书馆中检索1999年1月至2020年6月发表的研究，使用的关键词包括：“患病率”、“发病率”、“血吸虫病”、“裂体吸虫病”、“血吸虫”、“曼氏血吸虫”、“埃塞俄比亚”。使用Cochran's Q检验和I²检验统计量评估纳入研究的异质性，使用Egger检验评估发表偏倚。
94项研究纳入了系统评价和荟萃分析。埃塞俄比亚曼氏血吸虫的合并患病率为18.0%（95%CI：14.0-23.0）。埃塞俄比亚南部地区曼氏血吸虫患病率较高，为25.9%（95%CI，14.9-41.1），高于全国患病率。农村地区和男性的曼氏血吸虫感染负担也高于全国平均水平，合并患病率分别为20.2%（95%CI，13.2-28.5）和28.5%（95%CI，22.7-35.1）。趋势分析表明，过去15年埃塞俄比亚曼氏血吸虫感染患病率有所下降，这可能是由于反复进行预防性化疗。
该评价揭示了埃塞俄比亚曼氏血吸虫感染的患病率处于中等水平。对高危人群和高负担地区进行有针对性的治疗，同时实施综合病媒控制策略，对于应对血吸虫病负担至关重要。
