Gorouhi Farzam, Davari Parastoo, Fazel Nasim
Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, 3301 C Street, Sacramento, CA 95816, USA.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2014 Jan 30;2014:742826. doi: 10.1155/2014/742826. eCollection 2014.
Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that most often affects middle-aged adults. LP can involve the skin or mucous membranes including the oral, vulvovaginal, esophageal, laryngeal, and conjunctival mucosa. It has different variants based on the morphology of the lesions and the site of involvement. The literature suggests that certain presentations of the disease such as esophageal or ophthalmological involvement are underdiagnosed. The burden of the disease is higher in some variants including hypertrophic LP and erosive oral LP, which may have a more chronic pattern. LP can significantly affect the quality of life of patients as well. Drugs or contact allergens can cause lichenoid reactions as the main differential diagnosis of LP. LP is a T-cell mediated immunologic disease but the responsible antigen remains unidentified. In this paper, we review the history, epidemiology, and clinical subtypes of LP. We also review the histopathologic aspects of the disease, differential diagnoses, immunopathogenesis, and the clinical and genetic correlations.
扁平苔藓（LP）是一种慢性炎症性疾病，最常影响中年成年人。LP可累及皮肤或黏膜，包括口腔、外阴阴道、食管、喉和结膜黏膜。根据病变形态和受累部位，它有不同的变体。文献表明，该疾病的某些表现，如食管或眼科受累，诊断不足。在某些变体中，如肥厚性LP和糜烂性口腔LP，疾病负担更高，可能具有更慢性的病程。LP也会显著影响患者的生活质量。药物或接触性变应原可引起苔藓样反应，这是LP的主要鉴别诊断。LP是一种T细胞介导的免疫性疾病，但相关抗原仍未明确。在本文中，我们综述了LP的历史、流行病学和临床亚型。我们还综述了该疾病的组织病理学方面、鉴别诊断、免疫发病机制以及临床和遗传相关性。
