Lamberti G, Wieneke K H, Franke N
Psychologisches Labor, Rheinischen Landesklinik Bonn.
Rehabilitation (Stuttg). 1988 Nov;27(4):190-8.
Reported is the evaluation of a computer-directed training programme for visual attention, that is based on the results of experimental studies by Zubin (1975) and Shakow (1979). With reference to Zubin's model, this training programme addresses active maintenance of selective visual attention (in terms of "sustained attention"), applying Shakow's diagnostic research paradigm (with a preparatory stimulus, an RT stimulus, and a variable preparatory interval) in a behavioural setting (learning of strategies for attention) for clinical purposes. In a pre-post-study carried out for a three-week programme, the results of single case experiments showed a significant decrease of reaction time variability, which partly persisted in follow-up studies. It was found that attentional performance increased in both psychotic patients and patients with cerebral dysfunction. In the second phase of statistical validation on patients with psychotic attention deviations, both attention performance and transfer effects were verified. The behavioural training methods, which were implemented to foster attention, proved helpful in the majority of cases. For greater practicability, a programme version for use on the home computer has been developed. The study on the whole illustrates the growing utilization of computer technology in neuropsychological rehabilitation.
本文报道了一项基于祖宾（1975年）和沙科夫（1979年）实验研究结果的视觉注意力计算机导向训练计划的评估。参照祖宾的模型，该训练计划致力于主动维持选择性视觉注意力（即“持续注意力”），在行为环境（注意力策略学习）中应用沙科夫的诊断研究范式（包括预备刺激、反应时刺激和可变预备间隔）以达到临床目的。在一项针对为期三周的计划开展的前后对照研究中，单病例实验结果显示反应时变异性显著降低，部分结果在后续研究中持续存在。研究发现，精神病患者和脑功能障碍患者的注意力表现均有所提高。在对患有精神病性注意力偏差患者的统计验证的第二阶段，注意力表现和迁移效应均得到验证。为促进注意力而实施的行为训练方法在大多数情况下都被证明是有帮助的。为了更具实用性，已开发出一个可在家用计算机上使用的程序版本。总体而言，该研究说明了计算机技术在神经心理康复中的应用日益广泛。
