Madsen Elizabeth Leahy, Kuang Bernice, Ross John
Futures Group, Washington DC,USA.
J Biosoc Sci. 2015 May;47(3):329-44. doi: 10.1017/S0021932014000108. Epub 2014 Mar 27.
It is difficult to gauge the success of programmatic efforts to reduce unmet need for contraception without knowing whether individual women have had their need met and adopted contraception. However, the number of true longitudinal datasets tracking the transition of panels of individual women in and out of states of contraceptive use is limited. This study analyses changes in contraceptive use states using Demographic and Health Survey data for 22 sub-Saharan African countries. A cohort approach, tracking representative samples of five-year age groups longitudinally across surveys, as well as period-based techniques, are applied to indicate whether new users of contraception have been drawn from women who previously had no need and/or those who had unmet need for family planning. The results suggest that a greater proportion of increases in contraceptive use in recent years can be attributed to decreases in the percentage of women with no need, especially among younger women, than to decreases in the proportion with unmet need.
如果不知道个体女性的避孕需求是否得到满足以及她们是否采用了避孕措施，就很难衡量为减少未满足的避孕需求而开展的计划性努力是否成功。然而，追踪个体女性群体进入和退出避孕状态转变情况的真正纵向数据集数量有限。本研究利用撒哈拉以南非洲22个国家的人口与健康调查数据，分析了避孕使用状态的变化。采用了队列研究方法，纵向追踪跨调查的五岁年龄组代表性样本，以及基于时期的技术，以表明新的避孕使用者是否来自以前没有需求和/或计划生育需求未得到满足的女性。结果表明，近年来避孕使用增加的更大比例可归因于无需求女性比例的下降，尤其是年轻女性，而不是未满足需求比例的下降。
