Matthews Gerald, Warm Joel S, Shaw Tyler H, Finomore Victor S
a Institute of Simulation and Training , University of Central Florida , Orlando , FL , USA.
Ergonomics. 2014;57(6):856-75. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2014.899630. Epub 2014 Mar 31.
Technological innovation increasingly requires operators in various applied settings to maintain vigilance for extended periods. However, standard psychometric tests typically predict less than 10% of performance variance. The present study (N = 462) aimed to apply the resource theory of sustained attention to construct a multivariate test battery for predicting battlefield vigilance. The battery included cognitive ability tests, a high-workload short vigilance task and subjective measures of stress response. Four versions of a 60- min simulated military battlefield monitoring task were constructed to represent different operational requirements. The test battery predicted 24-44% of criterion variance, depending on task version, suggesting that it may identify vigilant operators in military and other applied contexts. A multiple-groups path analysis showed that relationships between ability and vigilance were moderated by working memory demands. Findings are consistent with a diffuse theoretical concept of 'resources' in which performance energisation depends on multiple, loosely coupled processes.
技术创新日益要求各类应用场景中的操作人员长时间保持警惕。然而，标准心理测量测试通常只能预测不到10%的绩效差异。本研究（N = 462）旨在应用持续注意力的资源理论构建一个多元测试组，以预测战场警惕性。该测试组包括认知能力测试、一项高工作量的短时间警惕任务以及压力反应的主观测量。构建了四个版本的60分钟模拟军事战场监测任务，以代表不同的作战要求。根据任务版本不同，该测试组预测了24%至44%的标准差异，这表明它可能识别出军事及其他应用场景中保持警惕的操作人员。多组路径分析表明，能力与警惕性之间的关系受到工作记忆需求的调节。研究结果与“资源”的弥散理论概念一致，即绩效激发取决于多个松散耦合的过程。
