Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshidashimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8471, Japan.
Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshidashimoadachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida Ushinomiya-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2014 Jun;72:144-53. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.03.004. Epub 2014 Mar 25.
Recently, the use of ultrasound (US) has been shown to have potential in cancer immunotherapy. High intensity focused US destruction of tumors may lead to immunity forming in situ in the body by immune cells being exposed to the tumor debris and immune stimulatory substances that are present in the tumor remains. Another way of achieving anti-cancer immune responses is by using US in combination with microbubbles and nanobubbles to deliver genes and antigens into cells. US leads to bubble destruction and the forces released to direct delivery of the substances into the cytoplasm of the cells thus circumventing the natural barriers. In this way tumor antigens and antigen-encoding genes can be delivered to immune cells and immune response stimulating genes can be delivered to cancer cells thus enhancing immune responses. Combination of bubbles with cell-targeting ligands and US provides an even more sophisticated delivery system whereby the therapy is not only site specific but also cell specific. In this review we describe how US has been used to achieve immunity and discuss the potential and possible obstacles in future development.
最近，超声（US）的应用已显示出在癌症免疫治疗中的潜力。高强度聚焦超声破坏肿瘤可能会导致免疫细胞在体内原位形成免疫，因为免疫细胞暴露于肿瘤碎片和存在于肿瘤残余物中的免疫刺激物质中。另一种实现抗癌免疫反应的方法是使用 US 结合微泡和纳米泡将基因和抗原递送至细胞中。US 导致气泡破坏，并释放力将物质直接递送至细胞的细胞质中，从而绕过天然屏障。通过这种方式，可以将肿瘤抗原和编码抗原的基因递送至免疫细胞，并且可以将免疫反应刺激基因递送至癌细胞，从而增强免疫反应。将气泡与细胞靶向配体和 US 结合使用提供了一种更加复杂的递药系统，从而使治疗不仅具有靶向性，而且具有细胞特异性。在这篇综述中，我们描述了 US 如何用于实现免疫，并讨论了未来发展的潜力和可能的障碍。
