Laboratório Nacional e Internacional de Referência em Taxonomia de Triatomíneos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Parasit Vectors. 2014 Mar 31;7:149. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-149.
The Triatomini and Rhodniini (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) tribes include the most diverse Chagas disease vectors; however, the phylogenetic relationships within the tribes remain obscure. This study provides the most comprehensive phylogeny of Triatomini reported to date.
The relationships between all of the Triatomini genera and representatives of the three Rhodniini species groups were examined in a novel molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the following six molecular markers: the mitochondrial 16S; Cytochrome Oxidase I and II (COI and COII) and Cytochrome B (Cyt B); and the nuclear 18S and 28S.
Our results show that the Rhodnius prolixus and R. pictipes groups are more closely related to each other than to the R. pallescens group. For Triatomini, we demonstrate that the large complexes within the paraphyletic Triatoma genus are closely associated with their geographical distribution. Additionally, we observe that the divergence within the spinolai and flavida complex clades are higher than in the other Triatoma complexes.
We propose that the spinolai and flavida complexes should be ranked under the genera Mepraia and Nesotriatoma. Finally, we conclude that a thorough morphological investigation of the paraphyletic genera Triatoma and Panstrongylus is required to accurately assign queries to natural genera.
三锥虫属和 Rhodniini 属（半翅目：Reduviidae）包括最多样化的恰加斯病传播媒介；然而，该属内的系统发育关系仍然不清楚。本研究提供了迄今为止报道的最全面的三锥虫系统发育。
在基于以下六个分子标记的新型分子系统发育分析中，检查了所有三锥虫属和三种 Rhodniini 种组代表之间的关系：线粒体 16S；细胞色素氧化酶 I 和 II（COI 和 COII）和细胞色素 B（Cyt B）；以及核 18S 和 28S。
我们的结果表明，Rhodnius prolixus 和 R. pictipes 组彼此之间的亲缘关系比 R. pallescens 组更为密切。对于三锥虫，我们证明了具有并系性的 Triatoma 属内的大型复合物与其地理分布密切相关。此外，我们观察到 spinolai 和 flavida 复合体分支内的分化高于其他 Triatoma 复合物。
我们提出 spinolai 和 flavida 复合物应归属于 Mepraia 和 Nesotriatoma 属。最后，我们得出结论，需要对具有并系性的 Triatoma 和 Panstrongylus 属进行彻底的形态学研究，以准确将查询分配给自然属。
