Arnold Hayley S, MacPherson Megan K, Smith Anne
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2014 Aug;57(4):1296-307. doi: 10.1044/2014_JSLHR-S-12-0265.
To assess autonomic arousal associated with speech and nonspeech tasks in school-age children and young adults.
Measures of autonomic arousal (electrodermal level, electrodermal response amplitude, blood pulse volume, and heart rate) were recorded prior to, during, and after the performance of speech and nonspeech tasks by twenty 7- to 9-year-old children and twenty 18- to 22-year-old adults.
Across age groups, autonomic arousal was higher for speech tasks compared with nonspeech tasks, based on peak electrodermal response amplitude and blood pulse volume. Children demonstrated greater relative arousal, based on heart rate and blood pulse volume, for nonspeech oral motor tasks than adults but showed similar mean arousal levels for speech tasks as adults. Children demonstrated sex differences in autonomic arousal; specifically, autonomic arousal remained high for school-age boys but not girls in a more complex open-ended narrative task that followed a simple sentence production task.
Speech tasks elicit greater autonomic arousal than nonspeech tasks, and children demonstrate greater autonomic arousal for nonspeech oral motor tasks than adults. Sex differences in autonomic arousal associated with speech tasks in school-age children are discussed relative to speech-language differences between boys and girls.
评估学龄儿童和年轻人在言语及非言语任务中自主神经唤醒情况。
记录20名7至9岁儿童和20名18至22岁成年人在执行言语和非言语任务之前、期间及之后的自主神经唤醒指标（皮肤电水平、皮肤电反应幅度、血容量脉搏和心率）。
基于皮肤电反应峰值幅度和血容量脉搏，各年龄组中言语任务的自主神经唤醒高于非言语任务。基于心率和血容量脉搏，儿童在非言语口腔运动任务中表现出比成年人更高的相对唤醒，但在言语任务中的平均唤醒水平与成年人相似。儿童在自主神经唤醒方面存在性别差异；具体而言，在完成简单句子生成任务后进行的更复杂的开放式叙述任务中，学龄男孩的自主神经唤醒仍处于较高水平，而女孩则不然。
言语任务比非言语任务引发更高的自主神经唤醒，且儿童在非言语口腔运动任务中的自主神经唤醒高于成年人。讨论了学龄儿童在言语任务中自主神经唤醒的性别差异与男孩和女孩之间言语语言差异的关系。
