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产时预防B族链球菌感染的抗生素对新生儿早期肠道菌群组成的影响及双歧杆菌菌株抗链球菌活性的评估

Influence of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis against group B Streptococcus on the early newborn gut composition and evaluation of the anti-Streptococcus activity of Bifidobacterium strains.

作者信息

Aloisio Irene, Mazzola Giuseppe, Corvaglia Luigi Tommaso, Tonti Giacomo, Faldella Giacomo, Biavati Bruno, Di Gioia Diana

机构信息

Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, viale Fanin 42, 40127, Bologna, Italy.

出版信息

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2014 Jul;98(13):6051-60. doi: 10.1007/s00253-014-5712-9. Epub 2014 Apr 1.

Abstract

Several factors are known to influence the early colonization of the gut in newborns. Among them, the use of antibiotics on the mother during labor, referred to as intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP), has scarcely been investigated, although this practice is routinely used in group B Streptococcus (GBS)-positive women. This work is therefore aimed at verifying whether IAP can influence the main microbial groups of the newborn gut microbiota at an early stage of microbial establishment. Fifty-two newborns were recruited: 26 born by mothers negative to GBS (control group) and 26 by mothers positive to GBS and subjected to IAP with ampicillin (IAP group). Selected microbial groups (Lactobacillus spp., Bidobacterium spp., Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium difficile, and Escherichia coli) were quantified with real-time PCR on DNA extracted from newborn feces. Further analysis was performed within the Bidobacterium genus by using DGGE after amplification with genus-specific primers. Results obtained showed a significant decrease of the bifidobacteria counts after antibiotic treatment of the mother. Bifidobacteria were found to be affected by IAP not only quantitatively but also qualitatively. In fact, IAP determined a decrement in the frequency of Bidobacterium breve, Bidobacterium bifidum, and Bidobacterium dentium with respect to the control group. Moreover, this study has preliminarily evaluated that some bifidobacterial strains, previously selected for use in infants, have antibacterial properties against GBS and are therefore potential candidates for being applied as probiotics for the prevention of GBS infections.

摘要

已知有几个因素会影响新生儿肠道的早期定植。其中,母亲在分娩期间使用抗生素,即产时抗生素预防(IAP),尽管这种做法在B族链球菌(GBS)阳性的女性中经常使用,但几乎没有得到研究。因此,这项工作旨在验证IAP是否会在微生物定植的早期阶段影响新生儿肠道微生物群的主要微生物组。招募了52名新生儿:26名由GBS阴性的母亲分娩(对照组),26名由GBS阳性的母亲分娩并接受氨苄青霉素的IAP治疗(IAP组)。对从新生儿粪便中提取的DNA进行实时PCR,对选定的微生物组(乳酸杆菌属、双歧杆菌属、脆弱拟杆菌、艰难梭菌和大肠杆菌)进行定量。在用属特异性引物扩增后,通过变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)在双歧杆菌属内进行进一步分析。获得的结果显示,母亲接受抗生素治疗后双歧杆菌计数显著下降。发现双歧杆菌不仅在数量上受到IAP的影响,而且在质量上也受到影响。事实上,与对照组相比,IAP导致短双歧杆菌、两歧双歧杆菌和齿双歧杆菌的频率下降。此外,本研究初步评估了一些先前选择用于婴儿的双歧杆菌菌株对GBS具有抗菌特性,因此有可能作为预防GBS感染的益生菌应用。

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