Rafraf Maryam, Bazyun Behnaz
Nutritional Research Center, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Students' Research Committee, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Health Promot Perspect. 2011 Dec 20;1(2):111-7. doi: 10.5681/hpp.2011.012. eCollection 2011.
Osteoporosis is an important public health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate food habits and some factors related to osteoporosis in women in Iran.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 399 childbearing age women who were attending health centers and 200 healthcare providers in 2007. Food habits and dietary calcium intake was evaluated by food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour recall method. Weight and height of subjects were also measured. Independent t-test, Mann-withney U test, Pearson, Spearman and Partial correlation coefficient tests were used for analyzing of data.
Two groups of women had calcium intake deficiency. Daily frequency of milk, cheese, fruit and coffee consumptions in healthcare providers (0.82±0.82, 0.94±0.49, 2.01±1.28 and 0.84±2.05, P<0.02) were significantly higher than those of women attending health centers(0.58±0.72, 0.84±0.32, 1.50±0.99 and 0.48±1.25). Mean frequency use of dark vegetables, cola and pickles were significantly (P<0.004) higher in women who attending health centers (0.67±0.50, 1.55±2.36 and 1.92±2.03) than those of the other group (0.50±0.44, 1.09±2.65 and 1.49±1.72). In women who were attending health centers, negative and posi-tive significant relationship was found between daily calcium intake with age (P<0.04) and educational level (P<0.001). No significant relationship was found between body mass index with studied variables.
Women of health care providers had healthier food habits compared to women who attending health centers. Educational programs are suggested to improve food habits among women to prevent osteoporosis in later life.
骨质疏松是一个重要的公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是调查伊朗女性的饮食习惯以及与骨质疏松相关的一些因素。
2007年，对399名前往健康中心的育龄妇女和200名医疗服务提供者进行了这项横断面研究。通过食物频率问卷和24小时回顾法评估饮食习惯和膳食钙摄入量。还测量了受试者的体重和身高。使用独立t检验、曼-惠特尼U检验、皮尔逊检验、斯皮尔曼检验和偏相关系数检验来分析数据。
两组女性都存在钙摄入不足的情况。医疗服务提供者中牛奶、奶酪、水果和咖啡的每日食用频率（分别为0.82±0.82、0.94±0.49、2.01±1.28和0.84±2.05，P<0.02）显著高于前往健康中心的女性（分别为0.58±0.72、0.84±0.32、1.50±0.99和0.48±1.25）。前往健康中心的女性深色蔬菜、可乐和泡菜的平均食用频率（分别为0.67±0.50、1.55±2.36和1.92±2.03）显著高于另一组（分别为0.50±0.44、1.09±2.65和1.49±1.72）（P<0.004）。在前往健康中心的女性中，每日钙摄入量与年龄（P<0.04）和教育水平（P<0.001）之间存在显著的负相关和正相关关系。体重指数与研究变量之间未发现显著关系。
与前往健康中心的女性相比，医疗服务提供者的女性有更健康的饮食习惯。建议开展教育项目以改善女性的饮食习惯，预防晚年骨质疏松。
