Hurol Yonca, Yüceer Hülya, Şahali Öznem
Faculty of Architecture, Eastern Mediterranean University, Via Mersin 10, Room: 118, Magusa, Kibris, Turkey,
Sci Eng Ethics. 2015 Apr;21(2):381-99. doi: 10.1007/s11948-014-9533-0. Epub 2014 Apr 3.
Adobe masonry is part of the vernacular architecture of Cyprus. Thus, it is possible to use this technology in a meaningful way on the island. On the other hand, although adobe architecture is more sustainable in comparison to other building technologies, the use of it is diminishing in North Cyprus. The application of Turkish building code in the north of the island has created complications in respect of the use of adobe masonry, because this building code demands that reinforced concrete vertical tie-beams are used together with adobe masonry. The use of reinforced concrete elements together with adobe masonry causes problems in relation to the climatic response of the building as well as causing other technical and aesthetic problems. This situation makes the design of adobe masonry complicated and various types of ethical problems also emerge. The objective of this article is to analyse the ethical problems which arise as a consequence of the restrictive character of the building code, by analysing two case studies and conducting an interview with an architect who was involved with the use of adobe masonry in North Cyprus. According to the results of this article there are ethical problems at various levels in the design of both case studies. These problems are connected to the responsibilities of architects in respect of the social benefit, material production, aesthetics and affordability of the architecture as well as presenting distrustful behaviour where the obligations of architects to their clients is concerned.
土坯砌筑是塞浦路斯本土建筑的一部分。因此，在该岛上以有意义的方式使用这项技术是可行的。另一方面，尽管与其他建筑技术相比，土坯建筑更具可持续性，但在北塞浦路斯，其使用正在减少。土耳其建筑规范在该岛北部的应用给土坯砌筑的使用带来了复杂情况，因为该建筑规范要求土坯砌筑与钢筋混凝土竖向系梁一起使用。钢筋混凝土构件与土坯砌筑一起使用会给建筑的气候响应带来问题，还会引发其他技术和美学问题。这种情况使得土坯砌筑的设计变得复杂，各种伦理问题也随之出现。本文的目的是通过分析两个案例研究，并对一位参与北塞浦路斯土坯砌筑使用的建筑师进行访谈，来分析由于建筑规范的限制性特征而产生的伦理问题。根据本文的研究结果，两个案例研究的设计在各个层面都存在伦理问题。这些问题与建筑师在建筑的社会效益、材料生产、美学和可承受性方面的责任相关，同时在涉及建筑师对客户的义务时也表现出不信任行为。
