Weiler S, Corti N
Klinik für Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universitätsspital Zürich, 8091, Zürich, Schweiz,
Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed. 2014 Apr;109(3):167-74. doi: 10.1007/s00063-013-0307-2. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
Many achievements in modern medicine, such as in transplantation medicine, cancer therapy, surgery, and intensive care medicine would have been impossible without effective treatment of bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance is on the rise; the reasons for this are complex and vary greatly.
Knowledge about the impact of antibiotics and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, which are the cornerstones of calculated and targeted antibiotic therapy, is imperative.
This review describes the pharmacodynamics of relevant antibiotics in emergency and intensive care medicine. Commonly resistant bacteria with clinical relevance and the respective mechanisms of resistance are highlighted. Furthermore, the use of antiinfectives for reserve treatment of severe infections is discussed.
Understanding the mechanisms of resistance and effects of antibiotics are fundamental for efficient and successful treatment of bacterial infections and for the reduction of resistant species.
现代医学的许多成就，如移植医学、癌症治疗、外科手术和重症监护医学等，如果没有对细菌感染的有效治疗将是不可能实现的。抗生素耐药性正在上升；其原因复杂且差异很大。
了解抗生素的作用及耐药机制至关重要，因为它们是合理且有针对性的抗生素治疗的基石。
本综述描述了相关抗生素在急诊和重症监护医学中的药效学。重点介绍了具有临床相关性的常见耐药菌及其各自的耐药机制。此外，还讨论了抗感染药物在严重感染挽救治疗中的应用。
了解耐药机制和抗生素的作用对于有效且成功地治疗细菌感染以及减少耐药菌种类至关重要。
