Eriksson Wiklund Ann-Kristin, Adolfsson-Erici Margaretha, Liewenborg Birgitta, Gorokhova Elena
Department of Applied Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
PLoS One. 2014 Apr 3;9(4):e92771. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092771. eCollection 2014.
The intense artificial sweetener sucralose has no bioconcentration properties, and no adverse acute toxic effects have been observed in standard ecotoxicity tests, suggesting negligible environmental risk. However, significant feeding and behavioural alterations have been reported in non-standard tests using aquatic crustaceans, indicating possible sublethal effects. We hypothesized that these effects are related to alterations in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and oxidative status in the exposed animals and investigated changes in AChE and oxidative biomarkers (oxygen radical absorbing capacity, ORAC, and lipid peroxidation, TBARS) in the crustacean Daphnia magna exposed to sucralose (0.0001-5 mg L(-1)). The sucralose concentration was a significant positive predictor for ORAC, TBARS and AChE in the daphnids. Moreover, the AChE response was linked to both oxidative biomarkers, with positive and negative relationships for TBARS and ORAC, respectively. These joint responses support our hypothesis and suggest that exposure to sucralose may induce neurological and oxidative mechanisms with potentially important consequences for animal behaviour and physiology.
高强度人工甜味剂三氯蔗糖没有生物富集特性，并且在标准生态毒性试验中未观察到不良急性毒性效应，这表明其对环境的风险可忽略不计。然而，在使用水生甲壳类动物的非标准试验中报告了显著的摄食和行为改变，这表明可能存在亚致死效应。我们假设这些效应与暴露动物体内乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和氧化状态的改变有关，并研究了暴露于三氯蔗糖（0.0001 - 5 mg L(-1)）的大型溞中AChE和氧化生物标志物（氧自由基吸收能力，ORAC，以及脂质过氧化，TBARS）的变化。三氯蔗糖浓度是大型溞中ORAC、TBARS和AChE的显著正预测因子。此外，AChE反应与两种氧化生物标志物都有关联，分别与TBARS呈正相关，与ORAC呈负相关。这些联合反应支持了我们的假设，并表明暴露于三氯蔗糖可能会诱导神经和氧化机制，对动物行为和生理产生潜在的重要影响。
