Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Clinical Neuropsychology Research Group, School of Psychology and Counselling, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Appetite. 2014 Jul;78:185-92. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.03.019. Epub 2014 Mar 31.
Excess weight and obesity are factors that are strongly associated with risk for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA). Weight loss has been associated with improvements in clinical indicators of OSA severity; however, patients' beliefs about diet change have not been investigated. This study utilized a validated behaviour change model to estimate the relationship between food liking, food intake and indices of OSA severity. Two-hundred and six OSA patients recruited from a Sleep Disorders Clinic completed standardized questionnaires of: a) fat and fibre food intake, food liking, and food knowledge and; b) attitudes and intentions towards fat reduction. OSA severity and body mass index (BMI) were objectively measured using standard clinical guidelines. The relationship between liking for high fat food and OSA severity was tested with hierarchical regression. Gender and BMI explained a significant 20% of the variance in OSA severity, Fibre Liking accounted for an additional 6% (a negative relationship), and Fat Liking accounted for a further 3.6% of variance. Although the majority of individuals (47%) were currently "active" in reducing fat intake, overall the patients' dietary beliefs and behaviours did not correspond. The independent relationship between OSA severity and liking for high fat foods (and disliking of high fibre foods) may be consistent with a two-way interaction between sleep disruption and food choice. Whilst the majority of OSA patients were intentionally active in changing to a healthy diet, further emphasis on improving healthy eating practices and beliefs in this population is necessary.
超重和肥胖是与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）风险密切相关的因素。体重减轻与 OSA 严重程度的临床指标改善有关；然而，尚未研究患者对饮食改变的信念。本研究利用经过验证的行为改变模型来估计食物喜好、食物摄入量与 OSA 严重程度指数之间的关系。从睡眠障碍诊所招募的 206 名 OSA 患者完成了标准化问卷：a）脂肪和纤维食物摄入量、食物喜好和食物知识；b）对减少脂肪的态度和意图。使用标准临床指南客观测量 OSA 严重程度和体重指数（BMI）。使用分层回归测试对高脂肪食物的喜好与 OSA 严重程度之间的关系进行了测试。性别和 BMI 解释了 OSA 严重程度变异的 20%，纤维喜好解释了另外 6%（负相关），脂肪喜好解释了进一步的 3.6%的方差。尽管大多数人（47%）目前正在积极减少脂肪摄入，但总体而言，患者的饮食信念和行为并不相符。OSA 严重程度与对高脂肪食物的喜好（以及对高纤维食物的不喜欢）之间的独立关系可能与睡眠中断和食物选择之间的双向相互作用一致。虽然大多数 OSA 患者有意积极改变健康饮食，但在这一人群中，有必要进一步强调改善健康饮食习惯和信念。
