Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2014 Sep 21;43(18):6498-510. doi: 10.1039/c4cs00018h.
More than one third of all proteins are metalloproteins. They catalyze important reactions such as photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation and CO2 reduction. Metalloproteins such as the olfactory receptors also serve as highly elaborate sensors. Here we review recent developments in functional metalloprotein design using the genetic code expansion approach. We show that, through the site-specific incorporation of metal-chelating unnatural amino acids (UAAs), proton and electron transfer mediators, and UAAs bearing bioorthogonal reaction groups, small soluble proteins can recapitulate and expand the important functions of complex metalloproteins. Further developments along this route may result in cell factories and live-cell sensors with unprecedented efficiency and selectivity.
超过三分之一的蛋白质都是金属蛋白。它们催化着光合作用、固氮作用和 CO2 还原等重要反应。嗅觉受体等金属蛋白也充当着高度精细的传感器。在这里，我们综述了利用遗传密码扩展方法进行功能金属蛋白设计的最新进展。我们表明，通过定点掺入金属螯合非天然氨基酸（UAAs）、质子和电子转移介体以及带有生物正交反应基团的 UAAs，小可溶性蛋白可以重现和扩展复杂金属蛋白的重要功能。沿着这条路线的进一步发展可能会导致具有前所未有的效率和选择性的细胞工厂和活细胞传感器。
