Olivares Marta, Albrecht Simone, De Palma Giada, Ferrer María Desamparados, Castillejo Gemma, Schols Henk A, Sanz Yolanda
Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health Research Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), IATA-CSIC Av. Agustín Escardino, 7., 46980, Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
Eur J Nutr. 2015 Feb;54(1):119-28. doi: 10.1007/s00394-014-0692-1. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
To investigate whether breast-milk composition and microbiota differ in healthy mothers and mothers with celiac disease (CD) to ultimately contribute to identify additional factors determining CD risk.
Breast-milk samples from healthy mothers (n = 12) and mothers with CD (n = 12) were collected. Cytokines and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were analyzed by bead-arrays and flow cytometry and human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) were assessed by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) detection. Breast-milk microbiota composition was analyzed by conventional and quantitative real-time PCR.
Breast milk from CD mothers showed significantly lower levels of interleukin (IL) 12p70 (P < 0.042), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (P < 0.018) and sIgA (P < 0.003) and almost significantly lower levels of interferon (IFN)-γ (P < 0.058). Six mothers in each group belonged to the secretor Le(a-b+) type, one to the secretor Le(a-b-) type and five to the non-secretor Le(a+b-) type. CD mothers of non-secretor Le(a+b-) type showed increased Lacto-N-tetraose content (P < 0.042) compared with healthy mothers. CD mothers' milk showed reduced gene copy numbers of Bifidobacterium spp. (P < 0.026) and B. fragilis group (P < 0.044).
CD mothers' breast milk is characterized by a reduced abundance of immunoprotective compounds (TGF-β1 and sIgA) and bifidobacteria. The reduction in these components could theoretically diminish the protective effects of breast-feeding on the child's future risk of developing CD.
研究健康母亲和患有乳糜泻（CD）的母亲的母乳成分和微生物群是否存在差异，以最终有助于确定决定CD风险的其他因素。
收集了健康母亲（n = 12）和患有CD的母亲（n = 12）的母乳样本。通过微珠阵列和流式细胞术分析细胞因子和分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA），并通过激光诱导荧光毛细管电泳（CE-LIF）检测评估人乳寡糖（HMOs）。通过常规和定量实时PCR分析母乳微生物群组成。
患有CD的母亲的母乳中白细胞介素（IL）12p70（P < = 0.042）、转化生长因子（TGF）-β1（P < 0.018）和sIgA（P < 0.003）水平显著降低，干扰素（IFN）-γ水平几乎显著降低（P < 0.058）。每组中有6名母亲属于分泌型Le（a-b +）型，1名属于分泌型Le（a-b-）型，5名属于非分泌型Le（a + b-）型。与健康母亲相比，非分泌型Le（a + b-）型的患有CD的母亲的乳糖-N-四糖含量增加（P < 0.042）。患有CD的母亲的母乳中双歧杆菌属（P < 0.026）和脆弱拟杆菌群（P < 0.044）的基因拷贝数减少。
患有CD的母亲的母乳的特征是免疫保护化合物（TGF-β1和sIgA）和双歧杆菌的丰度降低。从理论上讲，这些成分的减少可能会削弱母乳喂养对儿童未来患CD风险的保护作用。
