药学教育中基于问题的学习：系统评价与荟萃分析
Problem-based learning in pharmaceutical education: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者信息
Galvao Tais F, Silva Marcus T, Neiva Celiane S, Ribeiro Laura M, Pereira Mauricio G
机构信息
Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, P.O. Box 4472, 70904-970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil ; Getulio Vargas University Hospital, Federal University of Amazonas, 69020-170 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Amazonas, 69020-160 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
出版信息
ScientificWorldJournal. 2014 Feb 19;2014:578382. doi: 10.1155/2014/578382. eCollection 2014.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effects of problem-based learning (PBL) on the learning achievements of pharmacy students.
METHODS
We searched for controlled studies that compared PBL to traditional learning in pharmacy courses (graduate and undergraduate) in the major literature databases up to January 2014. Two independent researchers selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of the studies. Meta-analyses of the outcomes were performed using a random effects model.
RESULTS
From 1,988 retrieved records, five were included in present review. The studies assessed students' impressions about the PBL method and compared student grades on the midterm and final examinations. PBL students performed better on midterm examinations (odds ratio [OR] = 1.46; confidence interval [IC] 95%: 1.16, 1.89) and final examinations (OR = 1.60; IC 95%: 1.06, 2.43) compared with students in the traditional learning groups. No difference was found between the groups in the subjective evaluations.
CONCLUSION
pharmacy students' knowledge was improved by the PBL method. Pharmaceutical education courses should consider implementing PBL.
目的
评估基于问题的学习（PBL）对药学专业学生学习成绩的影响。
方法
我们在主要文献数据库中检索了截至2014年1月在药学课程（研究生和本科）中将PBL与传统学习进行比较的对照研究。两名独立研究人员选择研究、提取数据并评估研究质量。使用随机效应模型对结果进行荟萃分析。
结果
从检索到的1988条记录中，本综述纳入了5项研究。这些研究评估了学生对PBL方法的印象，并比较了学生在期中考试和期末考试中的成绩。与传统学习组的学生相比，PBL学生在期中考试（优势比[OR]=1.46；95%置信区间[CI]：1.16，1.89）和期末考试（OR=1.60；95%CI：1.06，2.43）中表现更好。两组在主观评价方面未发现差异。
结论
PBL方法提高了药学专业学生的知识水平。药学教育课程应考虑实施PBL。
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