Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Arch Med Sci. 2014 Feb 24;10(1):182-90. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2014.40744. Epub 2014 Feb 23.
Anthropological analysis of the orbits using classic anthropometric instruments based on width and height measurements as well as orbital index allows for classification of orbits in terms of their shape, yet it has poor clinical application. Nowadays computer graphics enables a precise research technique implementing the latest achievements in digital technology and data recording. The aim of the study was to compare in let parameters of left and right orbits in male and female skulls by means of digital analysis techniques.
The analysis was carried out on 184 early medieval well-preserved skulls. The examined crania were fixed into Molisson's craniost at in the author's own modification. They were directed in space towards the Frankfurt plane and photographed in a frontal norm. Parameters describing the plane structure of the orbits were obtained through computer analysis, integrating raster and vector graphics of mathematical recordings of craniofacial structures.
The research demonstrated some differences between male and female skulls. Parameters of right orbit like area, circumference, radius, excavation, circularity deviation and functional were statistically significant higher values in male skull. The following parameters of left orbit: area, circumference, reference circle radius, parameter describing height between two point (mf-ek), maximal width, maximal excavation in relation to median and mean, circularity deviation and functional were statistically significant higher parameter in the male group.
Orbit shape variability, and especially variability of the orbit in let, are highly important features for anthropologists and maxillofacial surgeons, hence the usefulness of the in let orbit shape digital analysis.
使用基于宽度和高度测量以及眶指数的经典人体测量仪器对眼眶进行人类学分析，可以根据形状对眼眶进行分类，但临床应用效果不佳。如今，计算机图形学可以实现一种精确的研究技术，该技术可以应用最新的数字技术和数据记录成果。本研究的目的是通过数字分析技术比较男女颅骨左右眼眶的入口参数。
对 184 具保存完好的早期中世纪颅骨进行了分析。检查的颅骨用作者自己改良的 Molisson 颅骨固定器固定。它们在空间中朝向法兰克福平面，并以正面标准拍摄。通过计算机分析获得描述眼眶平面结构的参数，该分析整合了颅面结构的光栅和矢量图形以及数学记录。
研究表明男女颅骨之间存在一些差异。男性颅骨的右侧眼眶参数，如面积、周长、半径、凹陷度、圆度偏差和功能，具有统计学上更高的值。而左侧眼眶的以下参数：面积、周长、参考圆半径、两点（mf-ek）之间的高度参数、最大宽度、最大凹陷度与中值和平均值的关系、圆度偏差和功能，在男性组中具有统计学上更高的参数。
眼眶形状的可变性，特别是眼眶入口的可变性，对人类学家和颌面外科医生来说非常重要，因此眼眶入口形状的数字分析非常有用。
