Kasliwal Ravi R, Bansal Manish, Desai Devang, Sharma Maya
Division of Clinical and Preventive Cardiology, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.
Interventional Cardiologist, Mahavir Cardiac Hospital, Surat, Gujarat, India.
Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Jan;18(1):13-22. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.126522.
As the developed and developing nations cope up with increasing predisposition to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by adopting lifestyle changes the burden of coronary artery disease continues to rise globally. The presence of modifiable risk factors, which account for more than 90% of the cardiovascular (CV) risk, cannot always be interpreted as the presence of atherosclerotic heart disease and absence of modifiable risk factors do not guarantee absence of atherosclerotic changes in the arterial tree. Increasing awareness about primordial prevention and primary prevention of CVD is of vital importance in such scenarios. Ultrasonographic measurement of intima media thickness has been reported as a procedure to detect the early stages of atherosclerosis. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) testing is a safe, noninvasive and cost effective method to detect early atherosclerotic vascular diseases. This method of CV risk evaluation drew attention worldwide and of Indian physicians because of its feasibility in Indian population. Hence, detection and management of atherosclerosis in asymptomatic individuals will go a long way in preventing atherosclerotic diseases and prolonging survival and improving quality of life.
随着发达国家和发展中国家通过改变生活方式来应对心血管疾病（CVD）易感性增加的问题，全球冠状动脉疾病的负担仍在持续上升。可改变的风险因素占心血管（CV）风险的90%以上，但其存在并不总能被解释为存在动脉粥样硬化性心脏病，而不存在可改变的风险因素也不能保证动脉树中不存在动脉粥样硬化改变。在这种情况下，提高对CVD一级预防和初级预防的认识至关重要。超声测量内膜中层厚度已被报道为一种检测动脉粥样硬化早期阶段的方法。颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）检测是一种安全、无创且经济有效的检测早期动脉粥样硬化血管疾病的方法。这种CV风险评估方法因其在印度人群中的可行性而引起了全球和印度医生的关注。因此，无症状个体中动脉粥样硬化的检测和管理对于预防动脉粥样硬化疾病、延长生存期和提高生活质量将大有帮助。
