Shokri Abbas, Poorolajal Jalal, Khajeh Samira, Faramarzi Farhad, Kahnamoui Hanieh Mogaver
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Research Center for Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Imaging Sci Dent. 2014 Mar;44(1):7-13. doi: 10.5624/isd.2014.44.1.7. Epub 2014 Mar 19.
This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of all types and subtypes of dental anomalies among 7- to 35-year-old patients by using panoramic radiographs.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1649 people in Hamadan City, in 2012-2013. The prevalence of four types and 12 subtypes of dental anomalies was evaluated by two observers separately by using panoramic radiography. Dental anomalies were divided into four types: (a) shape (including fusion, taurodontism, and dens invagination); (b) number (including hypodontia, oligodontia, and hyperdontia); (c) structure (including amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta, and dentin dysplasia); and (d) position (including displacement, impaction, and dilacerations).
The reliability between the two observers was 79.56% according to the Kappa statistics. The prevalence of dental anomalies diagnosed by panoramic radiographs was 29%. Anomalies of position and number were the most common types of abnormalities, and anomalies of shape and structure were the least in both genders. Anomalies of impaction (44.76%), dilacerations (21.11%), hypodontia (15.88%), taurodontism (9.29%), and hyperdontia (6.76%) were the most common subtypes of dental anomalies. The anomalies of shape and number were more common in the age groups of 7-12 years and 13-15 years, respectively, while the anomalies of structure and position were more common among the other age groups.
Anomalies of tooth position were the most common type of dental anomalies, and structure anomalies were the least in this Iranian population. The frequency and type of dental anomalies vary within and between populations, confirming the role of racial factors in the prevalence of dental anomalies.
本研究旨在通过全景X线片评估7至35岁患者中各类及各亚型牙齿异常的患病率。
本横断面研究于2012年至2013年在哈马丹市的1649人身上进行。由两名观察者分别使用全景X线摄影评估四种类型和12种亚型牙齿异常的患病率。牙齿异常分为四种类型：（a）形态（包括融合牙、牛牙症和牙内陷）；（b）数目（包括缺牙、少牙症和多生牙）；（c）结构（包括釉质发育不全、牙本质发育不全和牙本质发育异常）；以及（d）位置（包括移位、阻生和牙折）。
根据Kappa统计，两名观察者之间的可靠性为79.56%。通过全景X线片诊断出的牙齿异常患病率为29%。位置和数目的异常是最常见的异常类型，而形态和结构的异常在男女中均为最少见。阻生（44.76%）、牙折（21.11%）、缺牙（15.88%）、牛牙症（9.29%）和多生牙（6.76%）是最常见的牙齿异常亚型。形态和数目的异常分别在7至12岁和13至15岁年龄组中更为常见，而结构和位置的异常在其他年龄组中更为常见。
牙齿位置异常是该伊朗人群中最常见的牙齿异常类型，结构异常最少见。牙齿异常的频率和类型在人群内部和人群之间有所不同，证实了种族因素在牙齿异常患病率中的作用。
