Zhao Hanqing, Li Shaoli, Cao Ling, Yuan Yi, Xue Guanhua, Feng Yanling, Yan Chao, Wang Liqiong, Fan Zhaoyang, Sun Hongmei
Department of Bacteriology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
Affiliated Children's Hospital of Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2014;127(7):1244-8.
Mycoplasma pneumonia (M. pneumoniae) is one of the key pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia. A global pandemic of M. pneumoniae has occurred since 2010. The aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of M. pneumoniae in children in Beijing from 2007-2012.
A total of 3 073 clinical specimens were obtained from pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections from January 2007 to December 2012, and examined by nested polymerase chain reaction. PCR products were visualized by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis, positive products sequenced, and compared with reference sequences in GenBank. Macrolide resistance-associated mutations were also detected for some positive samples.
Of the 3 073 specimens, 588 (19.13%) were positive for M. pneumoniae, 12.4% of which were accompanied by viral infections. Positive rates for M. pneumoniae were highest in 2007 and 2012, showing a significant difference when compared with other years. Infections tended to occur in autumn and winter and positive rates were significantly higher for children aged 3-16. The rate of macrolide resistance-associated mutations was 90.7%, and the predominant mutation was an A→G transition (89.92%) at position 2063 in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene.
M. pneumoniae outbreaks occurred in 2007 and 2012 in pediatric patients in Beijing, which is consistent with the global prevalence of M. pneumoniae. M. pneumoniae can cause multi-system infections in children, and may be accompanied with viral infections. We determined that school-age children are more susceptible to this disease, particularly in autumn and winter. Gene mutations associated with macrolide resistance were very common in M. pneumoniae-positive specimens during this period in Beijing.
肺炎支原体是社区获得性肺炎的主要病原体之一。自2010年以来，全球发生了肺炎支原体大流行。本研究旨在调查2007 - 2012年北京儿童肺炎支原体的感染率。
2007年1月至2012年12月，共收集3073例呼吸道感染儿科患者的临床标本，采用巢式聚合酶链反应进行检测。聚合酶链反应产物通过2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行可视化分析，对阳性产物进行测序，并与GenBank中的参考序列进行比较。对部分阳性样本还检测了大环内酯类耐药相关突变。
3073份标本中，588份（19.13%）肺炎支原体呈阳性，其中12.4%伴有病毒感染。肺炎支原体阳性率在2007年和2012年最高，与其他年份相比有显著差异。感染多发生在秋冬季节，3 - 16岁儿童的阳性率显著更高。大环内酯类耐药相关突变率为90.7%，主要突变是23S rRNA基因V区2063位的A→G转换（89.92%）。
2007年和2012年北京儿科患者中出现了肺炎支原体暴发，这与全球肺炎支原体的流行情况一致。肺炎支原体可导致儿童多系统感染，并可能伴有病毒感染。我们确定学龄儿童更容易感染这种疾病，尤其是在秋冬季节。在此期间，北京肺炎支原体阳性标本中与大环内酯类耐药相关的基因突变非常普遍。
