Pigott Armi M, Haak Carol E, Breshears Melanie A, Linklater Andrew K J
Animal Emergency Center and Specialty Services, 2100 W Silver Spring Dr, Glendale, WI, 53209.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2014 Nov-Dec;24(6):715-23. doi: 10.1111/vec.12179. Epub 2014 Apr 8.
To describe 2 cases of acute bronchointerstitial pneumonia in indoor domestic cats infected by anthroponotic transmission of pandemic 2009 influenza A H1N1 virus from their owners.
Two indoor domestic shorthair cats from the same household were evaluated for acute onset of respiratory distress. The owners had been recovering from flu-like illness at the time of presentation. Venous blood gas showed increased pvCO2 while thoracic radiographs revealed severe bronchointerstitial to alveolar patterns in both cats. The cats were treated with oxygen supplementation, antimicrobials, analgesics, diuretics, corticosteroids, bronchodilators, mechanical ventilation (1 cat), and supportive care. Despite initial improvement in the clinical condition of each cat, respiratory function deteriorated and ultimately both cats were euthanized. Gross and histopathologic examination confirmed diffuse, severe bronchointerstitial pneumonia. Pandemic 2009 influenza A H1N1 viral testing by real time PCR was positive in 1 cat.
These cases provide further evidence that domestic felids are susceptible to pandemic 2009 influenza A H1N1 virus, and the literature is briefly reviewed for treatment recommendations. H1N1 should be considered in the differential diagnosis for domestic cats presenting with peracute to acute onset of respiratory distress in the right context. While human-to-cat transmission of H1N1 seems probable in several reported cases, cat-to-human transmission has not been identified.
描述2例室内家猫因2009年甲型H1N1大流行性流感病毒通过人传人途径感染而患急性支气管间质性肺炎的病例。
对来自同一家庭的2只室内家猫进行了评估，它们均出现急性呼吸窘迫。猫主人在就诊时正从类似流感的疾病中康复。静脉血气分析显示动脉血二氧化碳分压升高，而胸部X光片显示两只猫均有严重的支气管间质至肺泡型病变。对这些猫进行了吸氧、抗菌、镇痛、利尿、使用皮质类固醇、支气管扩张剂、机械通气（1只猫）及支持治疗。尽管每只猫的临床状况最初有所改善，但呼吸功能仍恶化，最终两只猫均被安乐死。大体及组织病理学检查证实为弥漫性严重支气管间质性肺炎。通过实时聚合酶链反应对2009年甲型H1N1流感病毒检测，1只猫呈阳性。
这些病例进一步证明家猫对2009年甲型H1N1流感病毒易感，并简要回顾了相关文献中的治疗建议。在适当情况下，对于出现急性至亚急性呼吸窘迫的家猫，鉴别诊断时应考虑H1N1。虽然在几例报告病例中，H1N1从人传播给猫似乎很可能，但尚未发现猫传播给人的情况。
