Turner Anthony, James Nic, Dimitriou Lygeri, Greenhalgh Andy, Moody Jeremy, Fulcher David, Mias Eduard, Kilduff Liam
1Middlesex University, London Sport Institute, London, United Kingdom; 2Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff School of Sport, Wales, United Kingdom; 3English Institute of Sport, Lee Valley Athletics Centre, London, United Kingdom; and 4Applied Science Technology Exercise and Medicine (A-STEM), Swansea University, Swansea.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Oct;28(10):3001-11. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000478.
Fencing is one of only a few sports that have featured at every modern Olympic games. Despite this, there is still much the sport science team does not know regarding competition demands and athlete physical characteristics. This review aims to undertake an analysis of the current literature to identify what is known, and questions that must be answered to optimize athlete support in this context. In summary, fencing is an explosive sport requiring energy production predominately from anaerobic sources. Lunging and change-of-direction speed seem vital to performance, and strength and power qualities underpin this. In the elimination rounds, fencers are likely to accumulate high levels of blood lactate, and so high-intensity interval training is recommended to reduce the intolerance to and the accumulation of hydrogen ions. Injury data report the hamstrings as a muscle group that should be strengthened and address imbalances caused by continuous fencing in an asymmetrical stance.
击剑是仅有的几项在每届现代奥运会上都有亮相的运动项目之一。尽管如此，运动科学团队对于比赛要求和运动员身体特征仍有很多未知之处。本综述旨在对当前文献进行分析，以确定已知内容以及在此背景下为优化运动员支持必须回答的问题。总之，击剑是一项爆发性运动，能量主要来自无氧来源。冲刺和变向速度似乎对成绩至关重要，而力量和爆发力素质是其基础。在淘汰赛中，击剑运动员可能会积累高水平的血乳酸，因此建议进行高强度间歇训练以降低对氢离子的不耐受性和氢离子的积累。损伤数据表明，腘绳肌是一个应加强锻炼的肌肉群，同时要解决因持续以不对称姿势击剑而导致的失衡问题。
