Cad Saude Publica. 2014 Mar;30(3):623-32. doi: 10.1590/0102-311x00158412.
Mental health problems are common in primary health care, particularly anxiety and depression. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and their associations with socio-demographic characteristics in primary care in Brazil (Family Health Strategy). It involved a multicenter cross-sectional study with patients from Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Fortaleza (Ceará State) and Porto Alegre (Rio Grande do Sul State), assessed using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD). The rate of mental disorders in patients from Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Fortaleza and Porto Alegre were found to be, respectively, 51.9%, 53.3%, 64.3% and 57.7% with significant differences between Porto Alegre and Fortaleza compared to Rio de Janeiro after adjusting for confounders. Prevalence proportions of mental problems were especially common for females, the unemployed, those with less education and those with lower incomes. In the context of the Brazilian government's moves towards developing primary health care and reorganizing mental health policies it is relevant to consider common mental disorders as a priority alongside other chronic health conditions.
心理健康问题在基层医疗保健中很常见，特别是焦虑症和抑郁症。本研究旨在评估巴西（家庭健康战略）基层医疗中心常见精神障碍的流行情况及其与社会人口特征的相关性。该研究采用多中心横断面研究，对来自里约热内卢、圣保罗、福塔莱萨（塞阿拉州）和阿雷格里港（南里奥格兰德州）的患者进行评估，使用一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）和医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HAD）进行评估。结果显示，里约热内卢、圣保罗、福塔莱萨和阿雷格里港的患者精神障碍发生率分别为 51.9%、53.3%、64.3%和 57.7%，在调整混杂因素后，与里约热内卢相比，阿雷格里港和福塔莱萨的差异具有统计学意义。女性、失业者、受教育程度较低者和收入较低者的心理问题发生率尤其高。在巴西政府推动发展基层医疗保健和重组精神卫生政策的背景下，将常见精神障碍视为与其他慢性健康状况同等重要的优先事项是很有意义的。
