Landim Daniela de Queiroz Moura, Souza Melina Pinheiro Gomes de, Dantas Lianna Gabriella, Moura Ana Flávia, Moura-Neto José A, Moura Júnior José Andrade, Cruz Constança Margarida Sampaio
Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Clínica de Nefrologia de Juazeiro (CLINEFRO), Juazeiro, BA, Brazil.
J Bras Nefrol. 2025 Jul-Sep;47(3):e20240147. doi: 10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2024-0147en.
Chronic Kidney Disease is associated, due to several factors linked to the disease, with a high rate of psychiatric disorders. With the COVID-19 pandemic, evidence suggests an increase in the already high prevalence of these disorders in chronic kidney patients. It is assumed that early diagnosis of psychiatric disorders can contribute to the development of treatment strategies, reducing the morbidity and mortality caused by the disorders.
To determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in hemodialysis patients, evaluating the association of COVID-19 and some variables with the occurrence of these disorders.
Cross-sectional study carried out in a nephrology clinic in Bahia, in 2023. The sample consisted of 119 patients chosen by simple randomization. Patients were evaluated by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, an internationally validated interview.
Sixty-two patients (52.1%) had at least one psychiatric disorder. The most common were Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) (42%) and Major Depressive Episode (MDE) (18.5%). There was no association between COVID-19 diagnosis and any psychiatric disorder. Among the 58 patients who had COVID-19, men had a lower chance of developing some disorder (OR = 0.30; 95% CI [0.10-0.91]), as did patients with >5 years of treatment (OR = 0.17; 95% CI [0.05-0.61]).
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders is high. Among patients who had COVID-19, women had more psychiatric disorders, as well as, specifically, more GAD, and patients who had more than 5 years of treatment had a significantly lower chance of developing some psychiatric disorder.
由于与慢性肾脏病相关的多种因素，慢性肾脏病与高比例的精神障碍有关。有证据表明，在2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行期间，慢性肾脏病患者中这些障碍的高患病率有所上升。据推测，精神障碍的早期诊断有助于制定治疗策略，降低这些障碍导致的发病率和死亡率。
确定血液透析患者中精神障碍的患病率，评估COVID-19及一些变量与这些障碍发生之间的关联。
2023年在巴伊亚州的一家肾脏病诊所进行了横断面研究。样本由119名通过简单随机化选择的患者组成。通过国际认可的《迷你国际神经精神访谈》对患者进行评估。
62名患者（52.1%）至少患有一种精神障碍。最常见的是广泛性焦虑障碍（GAD）（42%）和重度抑郁发作（MDE）（18.5%）。COVID-19诊断与任何精神障碍之间均无关联。在58名感染COVID-19的患者中，男性患某种障碍的几率较低（比值比[OR]=0.30；95%置信区间[CI][0.10 - 0.91]），治疗时间超过5年的患者也是如此（OR = 0.17；95% CI [0.05 - 0.61]）。
精神障碍的患病率很高。在感染COVID-19的患者中，女性患精神障碍的情况更多，尤其是患GAD的情况更多，而治疗时间超过5年的患者患某种精神障碍的几率显著较低。
