Zamudio-Ortega Carmen M, Contreras-Bulnes Rosalía, Scougall-Vilchis Rogelio J, Morales-Luckie Raúl A, Olea-Mejía Oscar F, Rodríguez-Vilchis Laura E, García-Fabila María M
1 Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México , Facultad de Odontología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Odontología (CIEAO), Toluca, Estado de México, México .
Photomed Laser Surg. 2014 May;32(5):252-9. doi: 10.1089/pho.2013.3622. Epub 2014 Apr 9.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro morphological and chemical changes on human deciduous enamel produced by Er:YAG laser irradiation, fluoride application, combined treatment, and acid dissolution.
Er:YAG laser has been proposed as a potential preventive dental caries strategy. There is scarce information regarding deciduous enamel.
Eighty enamel samples were assigned to eight groups (n=10): G1, control; G2, G3, and G4, Er:YAG laser irradiation at 7.5, 12.7, and 39.8 J/cm(2), respectively; G5, fluoride application; G6, G7, and G8, irradiation at previous densities plus fluoride application. Morphology was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, and chemical composition was determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy before treatment (BT), after treatment (AT), and after acid dissolution (AAD). One way and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used (p≤0.05).
Morphology of lased surfaces included craters, exposed prisms, fractures, and melting. No morphological modifications appeared after fluoride application, or AAD. Chemically, AT: C atomic percentage (at%) decreased in G3, G4, and G8; O at% decreased in G5-G8; F content was higher for G7; trace elements remained under 1.0 at%; Ca at % increased in G4, G7, and G8; there were increments in P at% in G4 and G8; and Ca/P increased in G4, G7, and G8. AAD: F at% dropped to 0.00 in G5-G8; and P at% increased in G7.
Morphological changes of Er:YAG irradiated enamel represented mild to severe damages. Conditions employed in this study are not recommended for deciduous caries prevention. Er:YAG energy density influenced chemical changes in enamel to enhance its structure. Acid dissolution removed fluoride from enamel surface.
本研究旨在评估铒钇铝石榴石（Er:YAG）激光照射、氟化物应用、联合治疗以及酸溶解对人乳牙釉质产生的体外形态和化学变化。
Er:YAG激光已被提议作为一种潜在的预防龋齿策略。关于乳牙釉质的信息很少。
将80个釉质样本分为八组（n = 10）：G1为对照组；G2、G3和G4分别接受能量密度为7.5、12.7和39.8 J/cm²的Er:YAG激光照射；G5为氟化物应用组；G6、G7和G8为先前密度照射加氟化物应用组。通过扫描电子显微镜评估形态，并在治疗前（BT）、治疗后（AT）和酸溶解后（AAD）通过能量色散X射线光谱法测定化学成分。使用单因素和重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）（p≤0.05）。
激光照射表面的形态包括凹坑、暴露的棱柱、裂缝和熔化。氟化物应用或酸溶解后未出现形态学改变。化学方面，治疗后：G3、G4和G8中碳原子百分比（at%）降低；G5 - G8中氧at%降低；G7中氟含量较高；微量元素含量保持在1.0 at%以下；G4, G7和G8中钙at%增加；G4和G8中磷at%增加；G4, G7和G8中钙/磷增加。酸溶解后：G5 - G8中氟at%降至0.00；G7中磷at%增加。
Er:YAG激光照射釉质的形态学变化代表了轻度至重度损伤。本研究采用的条件不推荐用于预防乳牙龋齿。Er:YAG能量密度影响釉质的化学变化以增强其结构。酸溶解从釉质表面去除了氟化物。
