Lüneburg Nicole, Harbaum Lars, Hennigs Jan K
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, II Department of Medicine-Oncology, Hematology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Section of Pneumology, Hamburg, Germany.
Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:501612. doi: 10.1155/2014/501612. Epub 2014 Feb 25.
Since its discovery, many adhere to the view that asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), as an inhibitor of the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), contributes to the pathogenesis of various diseases. Particularly, this is evident in disease of the cardiovascular system, in which endothelial dysfunction results in an imbalance between vasoconstriction and vasodilatation. Even if increased ADMA concentrations are closely related to an endothelial dysfunction, several studies pointed to a potential beneficial effect of ADMA, mainly in the context of angioproliferative disease such as cancer and fibrosis. Antiproliferative properties of ADMA independent of NO have been identified in this context. In particular, the regulation of ADMA by its degrading enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) is the object of many studies. DDAH is discussed as a promising therapeutic target for the indirect regulation of NO. In hypoxia-related chronic respiratory diseases, this controversy discussion of ADMA and DDAH is particularly evident and is therefore subject of this review.
自发现以来，许多人坚持认为，不对称二甲基精氨酸（ADMA）作为一氧化氮（NO）合成的抑制剂，参与了各种疾病的发病机制。特别是在心血管系统疾病中，这种情况很明显，其中内皮功能障碍导致血管收缩和血管舒张之间的失衡。即使ADMA浓度升高与内皮功能障碍密切相关，但几项研究指出了ADMA的潜在有益作用，主要是在诸如癌症和纤维化等血管增殖性疾病的背景下。在这种情况下，已确定ADMA具有独立于NO的抗增殖特性。特别是，ADMA由其降解酶二甲基精氨酸二甲胺水解酶（DDAH）进行的调节是许多研究的对象。DDAH被认为是间接调节NO的一个有前景的治疗靶点。在与缺氧相关的慢性呼吸道疾病中，关于ADMA和DDAH的这种争议性讨论尤为明显，因此也是本综述的主题。
