Horcajo Javier, de la Vega Ricardo
a Department of Psychology , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2014;14(8):839-46. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2014.905988. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
The aim of this experiment was to analyse the consequences of changing attitudes related to doping through thoughtful versus non-thoughtful processes. Participants were young soccer players. They received a persuasive message either against or in favour of the legalisation of several doping behaviours in soccer (e.g., the use of anabolic androgenic steroid - AAS), and participants' level of elaboration (i.e., deliberative thinking) was manipulated in two different experimental (high vs. low) conditions. Attitudes towards the legalisation proposal were assessed immediately following the message and one week later. Results showed attitude change was a function of message direction and was relatively equivalent for both high and low elaboration participants immediately after reading the message. That is, those who received the message against legalisation showed significantly more unfavourable attitudes towards the proposal than did those who received the message in favour of legalisation regardless of the extent of elaboration. However, attitude change was found to be persistent only for high elaboration participants one week after message exposure. In the present paper, we discuss implications of changing attitudes related to doping depending on whether the change occurred through psychological processes that require either extensive or small amounts of deliberative thinking and elaboration.
本实验的目的是分析通过深思熟虑与非深思熟虑的过程改变对兴奋剂使用的态度所产生的后果。参与者是年轻的足球运动员。他们收到一则反对或支持足球中几种兴奋剂行为合法化（例如，使用合成代谢雄激素类固醇——AAS）的说服性信息，并且在两种不同的实验条件（高与低）下操纵参与者的阐述水平（即审慎思考）。在信息传达后立即以及一周后评估对合法化提议的态度。结果显示，态度改变是信息方向的函数，并且在阅读信息后，高阐述和低阐述参与者的态度改变相对相当。也就是说，无论阐述程度如何，收到反对合法化信息的人对该提议的态度明显比收到支持合法化信息的人更不利。然而，在信息暴露一周后，仅高阐述参与者的态度改变具有持续性。在本文中，我们讨论了根据态度改变是通过需要大量还是少量审慎思考和阐述的心理过程而发生，来改变对兴奋剂使用的态度所产生的影响。
