Denckla Christy A, Fiori Katherine L, Vingerhoets Ad J J M
a Gordon F. Derner Institute of Advanced Psychological Studies , Adelphi University.
J Pers Assess. 2014;96(6):619-31. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2014.899498. Epub 2014 Apr 14.
Crying is a unique form of human emotional expression that is associated with both positive and negative evocative antecedents. This article investigates the psychometric properties of a newly developed Crying Proneness Scale by examining the factor structure, test-retest reliability, and theoretically hypothesized relationships with empathy, attachment, age, and gender. Based on an analysis of data provided by a Dutch panel (Time 1: N = 4,916, Time 2: N = 4,874), exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggest that crying proneness is a multidimensional construct best characterized by four factors called attachment tears, societal tears, sentimental/moral tears, and compassionate tears. Test-retest reliability of the scale was adequate and associations with age, gender, empathy, and attachment demonstrated expected relations. Results suggest that this scale can be used to measure crying proneness, and that it will be useful in future studies that aim to gain a better understanding of normal and pathological socioemotional development.
哭泣是人类情感表达的一种独特形式，与积极和消极的唤起性前因都有关联。本文通过研究一个新开发的哭泣倾向量表的因子结构、重测信度以及与同理心、依恋、年龄和性别的理论假设关系，来探究该量表的心理测量特性。基于对一个荷兰样本提供的数据（时间1：N = 4916，时间2：N = 4874）的分析，探索性和验证性因子分析表明，哭泣倾向是一个多维结构，最能由四个因子来表征，即依恋性眼泪、社会性眼泪、情感/道德性眼泪和同情性眼泪。该量表的重测信度足够，且与年龄、性别、同理心和依恋的关联呈现出预期的关系。结果表明，这个量表可用于测量哭泣倾向，并且在未来旨在更好地理解正常和病理性社会情感发展的研究中将很有用。
