Pinheiro Karen Amaral Tavares, Pinheiro Ricardo Tavares, Coelho Fábio Monteiro da Cunha, da Silva Ricardo Azevedo, Quevedo Luciana Ávila, Schwanz Cristina Carvalhal, Wiener Carolina David, Manfro Gisele Gus, Giovenardi Márcia, Lucion Aldo Bolten, de Souza Diogo Onofre, Portela Luis Valmor, Oses Jean Pierre
Postgraduate Program in Health and Behavior, Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2014 Apr 14;9(4):e94581. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094581. eCollection 2014.
Early adverse experiences are associated with increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders, although little is known about the neurobiological mediators involved. The mechanisms by which early environmental influences may mediate vulnerability in the development of offspring await further investigation. The present study correlated the NGF, BDNF, IL-6 and cortisol levels of mothers with postpartum affective disorders (PPAD) with infant development.
A longitudinal study was performed with 152 pregnant women and their infants. Between 60 and 120 days after delivery, women were interviewed and provided biological samples for biochemical analysis, and the infants were examined for neurobiological-motor development.
Overall, the mothers' history of affective disorders, PPAD and anxiety disorder were associated with infant motor development. Using an adjusted linear regression analysis, PPAD (p = 0.049), maternal anxiety disorder (p = 0.043), NGF level (p = 0.034) and infant cortisol level (p = 0.013) were associated with infant motor development. Using a factorial analysis of primary components, two components were retained. The psychological factor was characterized by a positive loading of a history of affective disorder, PPAD and anxiety disorder. For the biological factor, infant cortisol adhered negatively with infant motor development, but NGF was positively associated. The psychological factor had a negative association, but the biological factor had a positive association with infant motor development.
There are few studies that have focused on the relationship of biomarkers and infant neurodevelopment. Our study points that psychological and biological factors are associated with infant motor development, however the causal relationship between these factors is still to be defined.
早期不良经历与患精神疾病的风险增加有关，尽管对其中涉及的神经生物学介导因素知之甚少。早期环境影响可能介导后代发育易感性的机制有待进一步研究。本研究将产后情感障碍（PPAD）母亲的神经生长因子（NGF）、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和皮质醇水平与婴儿发育进行了关联分析。
对152名孕妇及其婴儿进行了一项纵向研究。在分娩后60至120天之间，对这些女性进行了访谈并提供了生物样本用于生化分析，同时对婴儿进行了神经生物学运动发育检查。
总体而言，母亲的情感障碍、产后情感障碍和焦虑症病史与婴儿运动发育有关。通过调整后的线性回归分析，产后情感障碍（p = 0.049）、母亲焦虑症（p = 0.043）、神经生长因子水平（p = 0.034）和婴儿皮质醇水平（p = 0.013）与婴儿运动发育有关。通过主成分因子分析，保留了两个成分。心理因素的特征是情感障碍、产后情感障碍和焦虑症病史的正向负荷。对于生物因素，婴儿皮质醇与婴儿运动发育呈负相关，但神经生长因子呈正相关。心理因素与婴儿运动发育呈负相关，而生物因素与婴儿运动发育呈正相关。
很少有研究关注生物标志物与婴儿神经发育之间的关系。我们的研究指出，心理和生物因素与婴儿运动发育有关，但这些因素之间的因果关系仍有待确定。
