Ferreres Federico, Oliveira Andreia P, Gil-Izquierdo Angel, Valentão Patrícia, Andrade Paula B
Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS (CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Campus University Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
Phytochem Anal. 2014 Sep-Oct;25(5):453-60. doi: 10.1002/pca.2515. Epub 2014 Apr 14.
Piper betle L. is a widely distributed plant in the tropical and subtropical regions, its leaves being largely consumed as a masticator and mouth freshener.
The purposes of this work were to characterise the phenolic profile of this species and to improve knowledge of its anti-cholinesterase properties.
The phenolic composition of P. betle leaf aqueous and ethanol extracts was characterised by HPLC coupled with a diode-array detector and combined with electrospray ionisation tandem MS, and in vitro cholinesterase inhibitory capacity of both extracts was assessed by spectrophotometric microassays. The effect on neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y) viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction and lactate dehydrogenase leakage.
Twelve phenolic compounds, comprising a phenylpropanoid, five cinnamoyl and six flavonoids derivatives were identified in P. betle leaves. Hydroxychavicol was the major compound in both extracts; however, the aqueous extract presented a greater diversity of compounds. Both extracts showed strong activity against both acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase, which can be due, at least partially, to the phenolic composition. Furthermore, the aqueous extract proved to be cytotoxic to human neuroblastoma cells at concentrations higher than 500 µg/mL.
The results suggest that the consumption of P. betle leaves as an infusion can have a positive impact in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Apigenin and luteolin derivatives are reported for the first time in this species.
蒌叶是一种广泛分布于热带和亚热带地区的植物，其叶子大量用作咀嚼物和口腔清新剂。
本研究旨在表征该物种的酚类成分，并增进对其抗胆碱酯酶特性的了解。
采用高效液相色谱法结合二极管阵列检测器，并与电喷雾电离串联质谱联用，对蒌叶水提取物和乙醇提取物的酚类成分进行表征，通过分光光度微量测定法评估两种提取物的体外胆碱酯酶抑制能力。通过3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐还原法和乳酸脱氢酶泄漏评估对神经元细胞（SH-SY5Y）活力的影响。
在蒌叶中鉴定出12种酚类化合物，包括一种苯丙烷类、五种肉桂酰类和六种黄酮类衍生物。羟基查耳酮是两种提取物中的主要化合物；然而，水提取物中的化合物种类更为多样。两种提取物对乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶均表现出较强的活性，这至少部分归因于酚类成分。此外，水提取物在浓度高于500μg/mL时对人神经母细胞瘤细胞具有细胞毒性。
结果表明，将蒌叶作为浸液饮用对预防和治疗神经退行性疾病可能具有积极影响。首次在此物种中报道了芹菜素和木犀草素衍生物。
