Nicholls Laura, Lewis Andrew J, Petersen Solveig, Swinburn Boyd, Moodie Marj, Millar Lynne
School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic 3125, Australia.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Apr 16;14:369. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-369.
Obesity is a major health concern for adolescents, with one in four being overweight or obese in Australia. The purpose of this study was to examine the moderation effect of parental encouragement of healthy behaviors on the relationship between adolescent weight status and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL).
Baseline data were collected from 3,040 adolescents participating in the It's Your Move project, conducted in the Barwon South-West region of Victoria, in 2005. The Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory was used to measure HRQoL, and parental encouragement was derived from purposely designed self-report items. Weight status was calculated according to World Health Organization growth standards from measured weight and height. Linear regression analyses modeled direct relationships and interaction terms. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, physical activity level, nutrition and school attended.
Higher levels of parental encouragement, as compared to low encouragement, were positively associated with higher global HRQoL scores, particularly in the physical functioning domain. To a lesser degree, high parental encouragement was also associated with higher scores on the psychosocial domain. Obese weight status showed a significant association with lower HRQoL on all scales. Parental encouragement significantly moderated the inverse relationship between overweight status and physical wellbeing.
Findings suggest that parental encouragement of healthy behavior is associated with increased HRQoL scores for adolescents. Whilst more research is needed to validate the significant interaction effect, main effects suggest that parental encouragement of healthy behavior is an important factor in adolescent wellbeing and should be considered when developing prevention and clinical interventions for obesity.
肥胖是青少年主要的健康问题，在澳大利亚，四分之一的青少年超重或肥胖。本研究的目的是检验父母对健康行为的鼓励在青少年体重状况与健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）之间关系中的调节作用。
2005年，从参与“动起来”项目的3040名青少年中收集基线数据，该项目在维多利亚州西南巴旺地区开展。采用儿童生活质量量表测量HRQoL，父母鼓励程度来自专门设计的自我报告项目。根据世界卫生组织生长标准，通过测量的体重和身高计算体重状况。线性回归分析建立直接关系和交互项模型。分析对年龄、性别、身体活动水平、营养状况和就读学校进行了调整。
与低鼓励水平相比，较高水平的父母鼓励与较高的总体HRQoL得分呈正相关，尤其是在身体功能领域。在较小程度上，高父母鼓励水平也与心理社会领域的较高得分相关。肥胖体重状况在所有量表上均与较低的HRQoL显著相关。父母鼓励显著调节了超重状况与身体健康之间的负相关关系。
研究结果表明，父母对健康行为的鼓励与青少年HRQoL得分的提高有关。虽然需要更多研究来验证显著的交互作用，但主要效应表明，父母对健康行为的鼓励是青少年健康的一个重要因素，在制定肥胖预防和临床干预措施时应予以考虑。
