WHO Collaborating Centre for Obesity Prevention, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
Obes Rev. 2011 Nov;12 Suppl 2:3-11. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00921.x.
Obesity is increasing worldwide with the Pacific region having the highest prevalence among adults. The most common precursor of adult obesity is adolescent obesity making this a critical period for prevention. The Pacific Obesity Prevention in Communities project was a four-country project (Fiji, Tonga, New Zealand and Australia) designed to prevent adolescent obesity. This paper overviews the project and the methods common to the four countries. Each country implemented a community-based intervention programme promoting healthy eating, physical activity and healthy weight in adolescents. A community capacity-building approach was used, with common processes employed but with contextualized interventions within each country. Changes in anthropometric, behavioural and perception outcomes were evaluated at the individual level and school environments and community capacity at the settings level. The evaluation tools common to each are described. Additional analytical studies included economic, socio-cultural and policy studies. The project pioneered many areas of obesity prevention research: using multi-country collaboration to build research capacity; testing a capacity-building approach in ethnic groups with very high obesity prevalence; costing complex, long-term community intervention programmes; systematically studying the powerful socio-cultural influences on weight gain; and undertaking a participatory, national, priority-setting process for policy interventions using simulation modelling of cost-effectiveness of interventions.
肥胖症在全球范围内不断增加，太平洋地区成年人肥胖率最高。成年人肥胖的最常见前兆是青少年肥胖，这使得预防工作成为一个关键时期。太平洋社区预防肥胖项目是一个由四个国家（斐济、汤加、新西兰和澳大利亚）参与的项目，旨在预防青少年肥胖。本文概述了该项目以及四个国家共同采用的方法。每个国家都实施了一项以社区为基础的干预计划，以促进青少年的健康饮食、身体活动和健康体重。采用了社区能力建设方法，共同采用了共同的流程，但在每个国家都进行了本土化的干预。在个人层面评估了人体测量、行为和认知结果的变化，在学校环境和社区层面评估了社区能力的变化。本文描述了每个国家都采用的评估工具。其他分析性研究包括经济、社会文化和政策研究。该项目在许多肥胖预防研究领域开创了先河：利用多国合作来建立研究能力；在肥胖率极高的族裔群体中测试能力建设方法；对复杂的、长期的社区干预计划进行成本核算；系统研究对体重增加有重大影响的社会文化因素；并利用干预措施成本效益的模拟模型，开展参与式的、国家性的、优先事项设定的政策干预工作。
