Physical Activity and Public Health, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
Br J Sports Med. 2011 Sep;45(11):886-95. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090185. Epub 2011 Aug 1.
To synthesise reviews investigating physical activity and depression, anxiety, self-esteem and cognitive functioning in children and adolescents and to assess the association between sedentary behaviour and mental health by performing a brief review.
Searches were performed in 2010. Inclusion criteria specified review articles reporting chronic physical activity and at least one mental health outcome that included depression, anxiety/stress, self-esteem and cognitive functioning in children or adolescents.
Four review articles reported evidence concerning depression, four for anxiety, three for self-esteem and seven for cognitive functioning. Nine primary studies assessed associations between sedentary behaviour and mental health. Physical activity has potentially beneficial effects for reduced depression, but the evidence base is limited. Intervention designs are low in quality, and many reviews include cross-sectional studies. Physical activity interventions have been shown to have a small beneficial effect for reduced anxiety, but the evidence base is limited. Physical activity can lead to improvements in self-esteem, at least in the short term. However, there is a paucity of good quality research. Reviews on physical activity and cognitive functioning have provided evidence that routine physical activity can be associated with improved cognitive performance and academic achievement, but these associations are usually small and inconsistent. Primary studies showed consistent negative associations between mental health and sedentary behaviour.
Association between physical activity and mental health in young people is evident, but research designs are often weak and effects are small to moderate. Evidence shows small but consistent associations between sedentary screen time and poorer mental health.
综合综述调查儿童和青少年身体活动与抑郁、焦虑、自尊和认知功能之间关系的研究，并通过简要综述评估久坐行为与心理健康之间的关联。
2010 年进行了检索。纳入标准为报告慢性身体活动和至少一项心理健康结果的综述文章，这些结果包括儿童或青少年的抑郁、焦虑/压力、自尊和认知功能。
有 4 篇综述文章报告了与抑郁有关的证据，4 篇报告了与焦虑有关的证据，3 篇报告了与自尊有关的证据，7 篇报告了与认知功能有关的证据。有 9 项主要研究评估了久坐行为与心理健康之间的关联。身体活动对降低抑郁可能有有益的影响，但证据基础有限。干预设计质量较低，许多综述包括横断面研究。身体活动干预已被证明对降低焦虑有较小的有益效果，但证据基础有限。身体活动至少在短期内可以提高自尊。然而，高质量的研究很少。关于身体活动和认知功能的综述提供了证据表明，常规身体活动可以与改善认知表现和学业成绩相关，但这些关联通常较小且不一致。主要研究表明，心理健康与久坐行为之间存在一致的负相关关系。
年轻人身体活动与心理健康之间存在关联，但研究设计往往较弱，效果较小或中等。证据表明，久坐的屏幕时间与较差的心理健康之间存在小而一致的关联。
