Sølsnes Anne Elisabeth, Skranes Jon, Brubakk Ann-Mari, Løhaugen Gro C C
1Department of Laboratory Medicine,Children's and Women's Health,Norwegian University of Science and Technology,Trondheim,Norway.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2014 May;20(5):506-15. doi: 10.1017/S1355617714000332. Epub 2014 Apr 16.
Executive functions are goal-directed control mechanisms that modulate the operation of other cognitive processes. Preterm born very-low-birth-weight (VLBW: birth weight<1500 grams) children have more problems with attention/executive function than their term born peers. The objective of this study is to examine if VLBW young adults had more self-reported attention/ executive problems and lower neuropsychological test results than controls. Furthermore, to investigate the relationship between self-reported attention/executive problems, general cognitive ability (IQ) and test results. Forty-two VLBW [mean birth weight 1237 (219) grams, and gestational age 29.3 (2.4) weeks] and 63 term born controls at age 19 years completed The BRIEF-A self-report of attention/executive functions in everyday life. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III was used to obtain IQ scores; subtests from Delis-Kaplan were used to assess attention/executive function. There were no differences between the VLBW young adults and controls on any of the BRIEF-A measures, but the VLBW subjects had lower scores on 8 of the 18 neuropsychological subtests (p<.01). Some correlations between BRIEF-A and the Stroop and TMT tests were found in the VLBW group. VLBW young adults do not report more problems regarding attention/executive function in daily life than controls despite lower results on several neuropsychological tests.
执行功能是一种目标导向的控制机制，可调节其他认知过程的运作。早产的极低出生体重（VLBW：出生体重<1500克）儿童在注意力/执行功能方面比足月儿同龄人有更多问题。本研究的目的是检验VLBW青年成人自我报告的注意力/执行问题是否比对照组更多，以及神经心理学测试结果是否更低。此外，还调查自我报告的注意力/执行问题、一般认知能力（智商）和测试结果之间的关系。42名VLBW青年成人（平均出生体重1237（219）克，胎龄29.3（2.4）周）和63名19岁的足月儿对照组完成了日常生活中注意力/执行功能的BRIEF-A自我报告。使用韦氏成人智力量表III获得智商分数；使用德利斯-卡普兰的分测验来评估注意力/执行功能。在BRIEF-A的任何测量中，VLBW青年成人与对照组之间均无差异，但VLBW受试者在18项神经心理学分测验中的8项上得分较低（p<.01）。在VLBW组中发现BRIEF-A与斯特鲁普测验和连线测验之间存在一些相关性。尽管在多项神经心理学测试中结果较低，但VLBW青年成人在日常生活中自我报告的注意力/执行功能问题并不比对照组更多。
