Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
Institute of Public Health, Research Unit of General Practice, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2014 Jul;24(4):388-97. doi: 10.1038/jes.2014.20. Epub 2014 Apr 16.
Previous studies have reported increased occurrence of respiratory and sensory irritation symptoms among residents living close to biodegradable waste sites. However, few studies have been able to quantify direct and annoyance-mediated effects based on individual-specific assessments of chemical exposures. We examined associations between residential exposures to a proxy gas (ammonia, NH3) from biodegradable wastes (mainly from farming, animal and agricultural activities) and odor annoyance and six respiratory and sensory irritation symptoms (self-reported), using adjusted logistic regression models and mediation analyses. Individual-specific NH3 exposures (n=454) in residential environments during 2005-2010 were calculated by the Danish Eulerian long-range transport model and the local-scale transport deposition model. Residential NH3 exposure was associated with increased frequency of four symptoms, including "eyes itching, dryness or irritation" and "cough" (ORadj=1.69; 95% CI: 1.09-2.61 and ORadj=1.75; 95% CI: 1.12-2.74, for each unit increase in loge(NH3 exposure)). Odor annoyance mediated the effect of exposure on cough and three sensory irritation symptoms. Mediation was either full (indirect-only effects) or partial (direct and indirect effects). This study provides support for the existence of indirect associations between residential exposures to low-to-moderate air pollution from wastes and symptoms, as well as direct dose-response associations for some of the symptoms.
先前的研究报告称，居住在生物降解废物场附近的居民发生呼吸道和感官刺激症状的几率增加。然而，很少有研究能够根据个体对化学暴露的具体评估来量化直接和烦恼介导的影响。我们使用调整后的逻辑回归模型和中介分析，研究了居住环境中来自生物降解废物（主要来自农业、动物和农业活动）的代理气体（氨气，NH3）暴露与气味烦恼和六种呼吸道和感官刺激症状（自我报告）之间的关联。2005-2010 年期间，通过丹麦欧拉远程传输模型和局部传输沉积模型计算了居住环境中个体特异性的 NH3 暴露量（n=454）。居住 NH3 暴露与四种症状的发生频率增加有关，包括“眼睛瘙痒、干燥或刺激”和“咳嗽”（ORadj=1.69；95%CI：1.09-2.61 和 ORadj=1.75；95%CI：1.12-2.74，每增加一个对数单位的 NH3 暴露）。气味烦恼介导了暴露对咳嗽和三种感官刺激症状的影响。中介作用要么是完全的（仅间接效应），要么是部分的（直接和间接效应）。本研究为居住环境中低至中等水平的废物空气污染物暴露与症状之间存在间接关联以及某些症状存在直接剂量反应关联提供了支持。
