Schiffman Susan S, Walker John M, Dalton Pam, Lorig Tyler S, Raymer James H, Shusterman Dennis, Williams C Mike
Department of Psychiatry, Box 3259, 54212 Woodhall Building, Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
J Agromedicine. 2004;9(2):397-403.
Complaints of health symptoms from ambient odors have become more frequent in communities with confined animal facilities, wastewater treatment plants, and biosolids recycling operations. The most frequently reported health complaints include eye, nose, and throat irritation, headache, nausea, diarrhea, hoarseness, sore throat, cough, chest tightness, nasal congestion, palpitations, shortness of breath, stress, drowsiness, and alterations in mood. Typically, these symptoms occur at the time of exposure and remit after a short period of time. However, for sensitive individuals such as asthmatic patients, exposure to odors may induce health symptoms that persist for longer periods of time as well as aggravate existing medical conditions. A workshop was held at Duke University on April 16-17, 1998 cosponsored by Duke University, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). and National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) to assess the current state of knowledge regarding the health effects of ambient odors. This report summarizes the conclusions from the Workshop regarding the potential mechanisms responsible for health symptoms from ambient odors. Methods for validation of health symptoms, presence of odor, and efficacy of odor management techniques are described as well.
在有密闭式动物养殖设施、污水处理厂和生物固体回收作业的社区，因环境气味引发健康症状的投诉变得越来越频繁。最常报告的健康投诉包括眼睛、鼻子和喉咙受到刺激、头痛、恶心、腹泻、声音嘶哑、喉咙痛、咳嗽、胸闷、鼻塞、心悸、呼吸急促、压力、嗜睡以及情绪变化。通常，这些症状在接触时出现，并在短时间后缓解。然而，对于哮喘患者等敏感个体，接触气味可能会引发持续时间更长的健康症状，并加重现有的医疗状况。1998年4月16日至17日，由杜克大学、环境保护局（EPA）和国家耳聋及其他交流障碍研究所（NIDCD）共同主办，在杜克大学举办了一次研讨会，以评估关于环境气味对健康影响的现有知识状况。本报告总结了研讨会上关于环境气味导致健康症状的潜在机制的结论。还描述了健康症状验证方法、气味存在情况以及气味管理技术的有效性。
