Stanton Sarah C E, Campbell Lorne
Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
PLoS One. 2014 Apr 15;9(4):e95358. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095358. eCollection 2014.
Two literatures have explored some of the effects intimate relationships can have on physical and mental health outcomes. Research investigating health through the lens of attachment theory has demonstrated that more anxiously attached individuals in particular consistently report poorer health. Separate research on perceived social support (e.g., partner or spousal support) suggests that higher support has salutary influences on various health outcomes. Little to no research, however, has explored the interaction of attachment anxiety and perceived social support on health outcomes. The present study examined the attachment-health link and the moderating role of perceived social support in a community sample of married couples. Results revealed that more anxious persons reported poorer overall physical and mental health, more bodily pain, more medical symptoms, and impaired daily functioning, even after controlling for age, relationship length, neuroticism, and marital quality. Additionally, perceived social support interacted with attachment anxiety to influence health; more anxious individuals' health was poorer even when perceived social support was high, whereas less anxious individuals' health benefited from high support. Possible mechanisms underlying these findings and the importance of considering attachment anxiety in future studies of poor health in adulthood are discussed.
有两类文献探讨了亲密关系对身心健康可能产生的一些影响。通过依恋理论视角研究健康状况的调查表明，尤其是那些具有更焦虑依恋风格的个体，始终报告健康状况较差。关于感知到的社会支持（例如伴侣或配偶的支持）的另一项研究表明，更高水平的支持对各种健康状况具有有益影响。然而，几乎没有研究探讨依恋焦虑和感知到的社会支持在健康状况方面的相互作用。本研究在一个已婚夫妇的社区样本中考察了依恋与健康的联系以及感知到的社会支持的调节作用。结果显示，即使在控制了年龄、关系持续时间、神经质和婚姻质量之后，更焦虑的人报告的总体身心健康状况更差、身体疼痛更多、医学症状更多以及日常功能受损。此外，感知到的社会支持与依恋焦虑相互作用以影响健康；即使感知到的社会支持很高，更焦虑个体的健康状况也较差，而不太焦虑的个体的健康状况则受益于高水平的支持。本文讨论了这些发现背后可能的机制以及在未来成年期健康不佳的研究中考虑依恋焦虑的重要性。
