School of Exercise Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia.
J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2014 Apr 17;11:65. doi: 10.1186/1743-0003-11-65.
Concurrent validity and intra-rater reliability using a customized Android phone application to measure cervical-spine range-of-motion (ROM) has not been previously validated against a gold-standard three-dimensional motion analysis (3DMA) system.
Twenty-one healthy individuals (age:31 ± 9.1 years, male:11) participated, with 16 re-examined for intra-rater reliability 1-7 days later. An Android phone was fixed on a helmet, which was then securely fastened on the participant's head. Cervical-spine ROM in flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation were performed in sitting with concurrent measurements obtained from both a 3DMA system and the phone.The phone demonstrated moderate to excellent (ICC = 0.53-0.98, Spearman ρ = 0.52-0.98) concurrent validity for ROM measurements in cervical flexion, extension, lateral-flexion and rotation. However, cervical rotation demonstrated both proportional and fixed bias. Excellent intra-rater reliability was demonstrated for cervical flexion, extension and lateral flexion (ICC = 0.82-0.90), but poor for right- and left-rotation (ICC = 0.05-0.33) using the phone. Possible reasons for the outcome are that flexion, extension and lateral-flexion measurements are detected by gravity-dependent accelerometers while rotation measurements are detected by the magnetometer which can be adversely affected by surrounding magnetic fields.
The results of this study demonstrate that the tested Android phone application is valid and reliable to measure ROM of the cervical-spine in flexion, extension and lateral-flexion but not in rotation likely due to magnetic interference. The clinical implication of this study is that therapists should be mindful of the plane of measurement when using the Android phone to measure ROM of the cervical-spine.
使用定制的安卓手机应用程序来测量颈椎活动范围（ROM）的同时效度和组内信度，此前尚未与三维运动分析（3DMA）系统这一金标准进行过验证。
21 名健康个体（年龄：31±9.1 岁，男性：11 名）参与了研究，其中 16 名在 1-7 天后再次接受了组内信度检查。将一个安卓手机固定在头盔上，然后将头盔牢固地固定在参与者的头上。在坐姿下进行颈椎前屈、后伸、侧屈和旋转运动，同时使用 3DMA 系统和手机进行测量。手机在颈椎前屈、后伸、侧屈和旋转的 ROM 测量中表现出中度到高度的（ICC=0.53-0.98，Spearman ρ=0.52-0.98）同时效度。然而，颈椎旋转显示出比例和固定偏差。使用手机时，颈椎前屈、后伸和侧屈的组内信度极好（ICC=0.82-0.90），但右侧和左侧旋转的信度较差（ICC=0.05-0.33）。造成这种结果的可能原因是，前屈、后伸和侧屈的测量是由依赖重力的加速度计检测的，而旋转的测量是由可能受到周围磁场不利影响的磁力计检测的。
本研究结果表明，测试的安卓手机应用程序在测量颈椎前屈、后伸和侧屈的 ROM 时是有效和可靠的，但在旋转时不可靠，可能是由于磁场干扰。本研究的临床意义是，治疗师在使用安卓手机测量颈椎 ROM 时，应注意测量平面。
