1] Center for International Environmental Law, Washington, DC, USA [2] Amazon Conservation Association, Washington, DC, USA.
1] Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas, Nazaré Paulista, SP, Brazil [2] Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Sci Rep. 2014 Apr 17;4:4719. doi: 10.1038/srep04719.
The Peruvian Amazon is an important arena in global efforts to promote sustainable logging in the tropics. Despite recent efforts to achieve sustainability, such as provisions in the US-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement, illegal logging continues to plague the region. We present evidence that Peru's legal logging concession system is enabling the widespread illegal logging via the regulatory documents designed to ensure sustainable logging. Analyzing official government data, we found that 68.3% of all concessions supervised by authorities were suspected of major violations. Of the 609 total concessions, nearly 30% have been cancelled for violations and we expect this percentage to increase as investigations continue. Moreover, the nature of the violations indicate that the permits associated with legal concessions are used to harvest trees in unauthorized areas, thus threatening all forested areas. Many of the violations pertain to the illegal extraction of CITES-listed timber species outside authorized areas. These findings highlight the need for additional reforms.
秘鲁亚马孙地区是全球推广热带可持续伐木行动的重要战场。尽管美国-秘鲁贸易促进协议做出了相关规定，力求实现可持续性，但该地区的非法伐木活动仍屡禁不止。我们的研究表明，秘鲁的合法伐木特许权制度正通过旨在确保可持续伐木的监管文件，为非法伐木的广泛存在提供便利。通过分析官方政府数据，我们发现，68.3%的经官方监管的特许权涉嫌严重违规。在 609 个特许权中，近 30%因违规而被取消，我们预计随着调查的继续，这一比例还会上升。此外，违规行为的性质表明，与合法特许权相关的许可证被用于在未经授权的地区采伐树木，从而威胁到所有的森林地区。许多违规行为涉及在未经授权的地区非法采伐《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》（CITES）列出的木材物种。这些发现凸显了进行额外改革的必要性。
