Messinis Ioannis E, Messini Christina I, Dafopoulos Konstantinos
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Reprod Biomed Online. 2014 Jun;28(6):714-22. doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2014.02.003. Epub 2014 Mar 4.
Ovarian control of gonadotrophin secretion is normally achieved via the feedback mechanisms mediated by oestradiol and progesterone. Evidence has been provided that nonsteroidal substances, such as inhibin A and B, participate in the negative feedback control of FSH secretion. Another nonsteroidal ovarian substance is gonadotrophin surge-attenuating factor (GnSAF), the activity of which is particularly evident in women undergoing ovulation induction. Accumulating evidence has suggested that GnSAF plays a physiological role during the menstrual cycle. In particular, this factor antagonizes the sensitizing effect of oestradiol on the pituitary response to gonadotrophin-releasing hormone during the follicular phase of the cycle. A hypothesis has been developed that, in the late follicular phase, the activity of GnSAF is reduced and this facilitates the sensitizing effect of oestradiol on the pituitary, thus enforcing the massive discharge of gonadotrophins at the midcycle LH surge. The interaction of oestradiol, progesterone and GnSAF on the hypothalamic-pituitary system provides a novel approach to explain the mechanisms which control LH secretion during the normal menstrual cycle. The ovarian control of gonadotrophin secretion during the normal menstrual cycle is achieved via negative and positive feedback mechanisms. The steroids oestradiol and progesterone are the main regulators; however, nonsteroidal substances, such as inhibin A and inhibn B, also participate. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that another nonsteroidal ovarian substance, gonadotrophin surge-attenuating factor (GnSAF), plays a key role in the control of LH secretion during the follicular phase and at midcycle, providing thus a novel aspect in the ovarian control of gonadotrophin secretion during the human menstrual cycle. The ovarian control of gonadotrophin secretion during the normal menstrual cycle is achieved via negative and positive feedback mechanisms. The steroids oestradiol and progesterone are the main regulators; however, nonsteroidal substances, such as inhibin A and inhibn B, also participate. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that another nonsteroidal ovarian substance, gonadotrophin surge-attenuating factor (GnSAF), plays a key role in the control of LH secretion during the follicular phase and at midcycle, providing thus a novel aspect in the ovarian control of gonadotrophin secretion during the human menstrual cycle.
卵巢对促性腺激素分泌的调控通常是通过雌二醇和孕酮介导的反馈机制来实现的。已有证据表明，抑制素A和B等非甾体物质参与了促卵泡激素（FSH）分泌的负反馈调控。另一种非甾体类卵巢物质是促性腺激素激增减弱因子（GnSAF），其活性在接受排卵诱导的女性中尤为明显。越来越多的证据表明，GnSAF在月经周期中发挥着生理作用。特别是，该因子在月经周期的卵泡期拮抗雌二醇对垂体对促性腺激素释放激素反应的致敏作用。有人提出一种假说，即在卵泡晚期，GnSAF的活性降低，这有利于雌二醇对垂体的致敏作用，从而促使在月经周期中期促性腺激素大量释放，形成促黄体生成素（LH）激增。雌二醇、孕酮和GnSAF在下丘脑-垂体系统上的相互作用为解释正常月经周期中控制LH分泌的机制提供了一种新方法。正常月经周期中卵巢对促性腺激素分泌的调控是通过负反馈和正反馈机制实现的。甾体类物质雌二醇和孕酮是主要调节因子；然而，抑制素A和抑制素B等非甾体物质也参与其中。越来越多的证据表明，另一种非甾体类卵巢物质促性腺激素激增减弱因子（GnSAF）在卵泡期和月经周期中期对LH分泌的控制中起关键作用，从而为人类月经周期中卵巢对促性腺激素分泌的调控提供了一个新的方面。正常月经周期中卵巢对促性腺激素分泌的调控是通过负反馈和正反馈机制实现的。甾体类物质雌二醇和孕酮是主要调节因子；然而，抑制素A和抑制素B等非甾体物质也参与其中。越来越多的证据表明，另一种非甾体类卵巢物质促性腺激素激增减弱因子（GnSAF）在卵泡期和月经周期中期对LH分泌的控制中起关键作用，从而为人类月经周期中卵巢对促性腺激素分泌的调控提供了一个新的方面。
