Ko Il-Gyu, Park Eung-Mi, Choi Hye-Jung, Yoo Jaehyun, Lee Jong-Kyun, Jee Yong-Seok
Department of Exercise Physiology and Prescription, Graduate School of Health Promotion, Hanseo University.
Tohoku J Exp Med. 2014 May;233(1):17-23. doi: 10.1620/tjem.233.17.
Aging increases the risk of chronic diseases including cancers. Physical exercise has the beneficial effects for the elderly susceptible to the development of cancers, through maintaining a healthy body condition and improving the immune system. However, excessive or insufficient exercise might increase the risk for cancer. In the present study, we investigated what exercise frequency improves cancer-related biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), red blood cell (RBC), and white blood cell (WBC), and the body composition of elderly women. Fifty-four females, aged 70 to 77 years, were divided into 4 groups: control, 1-day exercise (1E), 2-3-day exercise (2-3E), and 5-day exercise (5E) groups. The control group did not participate in any physical activity, while the subjects in the exercise groups underwent the exercise program for 12 weeks. As results, CEA was significantly decreased in the exercise groups, with the lowest values in 2-3E group. In contrast, AFP, RBC and WBC were not significantly changed. CEA is an oncofetal glycoprotein that is overexpressed in adenocarcinomas. Although the function of CEA has not been fully understood, CEA has been suggested to be involved in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines via stimulating monocytes and macrophages. Moreover, body weight and body mass index were improved in the exercise groups, with the lowest levels in 5E group. Thus, we suggest that exercise for 2-3 days per week decreases the expression of CEA and improves body condition, without loading fatigue or stress, which may contribute to preventing cancer in the elderly women.
衰老会增加包括癌症在内的慢性疾病风险。体育锻炼对易患癌症的老年人具有有益影响，可维持健康的身体状况并改善免疫系统。然而，过度或不足的运动可能会增加患癌风险。在本研究中，我们调查了何种运动频率可改善与癌症相关的生物标志物，如癌胚抗原（CEA）、甲胎蛋白（AFP）、红细胞（RBC）和白细胞（WBC），以及老年女性的身体组成。54名年龄在70至77岁的女性被分为4组：对照组、1天运动（1E）组、2至3天运动（2 - 3E）组和5天运动（5E）组。对照组不参与任何体育活动，而运动组的受试者进行了为期12周的运动计划。结果显示，运动组的CEA显著降低，其中2 - 3E组的值最低。相比之下，AFP、RBC和WBC没有显著变化。CEA是一种癌胚糖蛋白，在腺癌中过度表达。尽管CEA的功能尚未完全了解，但有人认为CEA通过刺激单核细胞和巨噬细胞参与促炎细胞因子的释放。此外，运动组的体重和体重指数有所改善，5E组的水平最低。因此，我们建议每周进行2至3天的运动可降低CEA的表达并改善身体状况，而不会带来疲劳或压力，这可能有助于预防老年女性患癌。
