Kardynal Agnieszka, Olszewska Malgorzata
Department of Dermatology, CSK MSW, Warsaw, Poland;
Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
J Dermatol Case Rep. 2014 Mar 31;8(1):1-8. doi: 10.3315/jdcr.2014.1161.
Over the past few years melanoma has grown into a disease of socio-economic importance due to the increasing incidence and persistently high mortality rates. Melanoma is a malignant tumor with a high tendency to metastasize. Therefore, an extremely important part of the therapeutic process is to identify the disease at an early stage: in situ or stage I. Many tools for early diagnosis of melanoma are available today, including dermoscopy, videodermoscopy and in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy. Other methods such as high frequency ultrasound, optical coherence tomography and electrical impedance spectroscopy may serve as additional diagnostic aids. Modern imaging techniques also allow the monitoring of melanocytic skin lesions over months or years to detect the moment of malignant transformation. This review summarizes the current knowledge about modern diagnostic techniques, which may aid early diagnosis of melanoma.
在过去几年中，由于发病率不断上升且死亡率持续居高不下，黑色素瘤已发展成为一种具有社会经济重要性的疾病。黑色素瘤是一种具有高度转移倾向的恶性肿瘤。因此，治疗过程中极其重要的一部分是在早期阶段（原位或I期）识别该疾病。如今有许多用于黑色素瘤早期诊断的工具，包括皮肤镜检查、视频皮肤镜检查和体内反射式共聚焦显微镜检查。其他方法如高频超声、光学相干断层扫描和电阻抗光谱法可作为辅助诊断手段。现代成像技术还能够对黑素细胞性皮肤病变进行数月或数年的监测，以检测恶性转化的时刻。本综述总结了有关现代诊断技术的当前知识，这些技术可能有助于黑色素瘤的早期诊断。
