压力、炎症与内稳态防御。
Stress, inflammation, and defense of homeostasis.
机构信息
Yale University School of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Yale University School of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
出版信息
Mol Cell. 2014 Apr 24;54(2):281-8. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2014.03.030.
Inflammation is traditionally considered a defense response induced by infection or injury. However, inflammation can also be induced by tissue stress and malfunction in the absence of infection or overt tissue damage. Here we discuss the relationship between homeostasis, stress responses, and inflammation. Stress responses have cell-autonomous and cell-extrinsic components, the latter contributing to tissue level adaptation to stress conditions. Inflammation can be thought of as the extreme end of a spectrum that ranges from homeostasis to stress response to bona fide inflammatory response. Inflammation can be triggered by two types of stimuli: extreme deviations of homeostasis or challenges that cause a disruption of homeostasis. This perspective may help to explain qualitative differences and functional outcomes of diverse inflammatory responses.
炎症传统上被认为是由感染或损伤引起的防御反应。然而，在没有感染或明显组织损伤的情况下，炎症也可能由组织应激和功能障碍引起。在这里，我们讨论了体内平衡、应激反应和炎症之间的关系。应激反应具有细胞自主和细胞外在的成分，后者有助于组织水平适应应激条件。炎症可以被认为是从体内平衡到应激反应再到真正的炎症反应的一个连续谱的极端。炎症可以由两种类型的刺激触发：体内平衡的极端偏差或导致体内平衡破坏的挑战。这种观点可能有助于解释不同炎症反应的定性差异和功能结果。
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