Tochikura T S, Nakashima H, Yamamoto N
Department of Virology and Parasitology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Japan.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988). 1989;2(5):441-7.
The ability of various known anti-HIV antivirals to inhibit four different strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a strain of type 2 (HIV-2), and a human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) was tested. The tested substances included two sulfated polysaccharides (lentinan sulfate and dextran sulfate) and a nonsulfated polysaccharide PSK, E-P-LEM, glycyrrhizin sulfate, and nucleoside analogues (AZT and DHT). The effects of the substances were measured quantitatively with two different assays: (i) inhibition of cell-free viral infection and (ii) inhibition of the fusion reaction induced by cell-to-cell infection. The results showed that cell-free infection of HIV-1 and HIV-2 was almost completely blocked in the presence of all of the substances tested. However, cell-to-cell infection by HIV-1, HIV-2, and HTLV-I was inhibited only by the polysaccharides, E-P-LEM, and glycyrrhizin sulfate but not by the two nucleoside analogues. Moreover, the extent of inhibition of the fusion reaction by the substances varied significantly from strain to strain in HIV-1.
测试了多种已知抗HIV抗病毒药物抑制4种不同的1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）毒株、1种2型毒株（HIV-2）以及1种I型人类嗜T细胞病毒（HTLV-I）的能力。所测试的物质包括两种硫酸化多糖（硫酸香菇多糖和硫酸葡聚糖）、一种非硫酸化多糖PSK、E-P-LEM、甘草酸硫酸盐以及核苷类似物（齐多夫定和双氢胸苷）。通过两种不同的测定方法对这些物质的效果进行了定量测量：（i）抑制无细胞病毒感染；（ii）抑制细胞间感染诱导的融合反应。结果显示，在所有测试物质存在的情况下，HIV-1和HIV-2的无细胞感染几乎被完全阻断。然而，HIV-1、HIV-2和HTLV-I的细胞间感染仅被多糖、E-P-LEM和甘草酸硫酸盐抑制，而两种核苷类似物则无此作用。此外，在HIV-1中，这些物质对融合反应的抑制程度因毒株不同而有显著差异。
