Keysers Christian, Gazzola Valeria
Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, KNAW, , Meibergdreef 47, 1105BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2014 Apr 28;369(1644):20130175. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0175. Print 2014.
Spike-timing-dependent plasticity is considered the neurophysiological basis of Hebbian learning and has been shown to be sensitive to both contingency and contiguity between pre- and postsynaptic activity. Here, we will examine how applying this Hebbian learning rule to a system of interconnected neurons in the presence of direct or indirect re-afference (e.g. seeing/hearing one's own actions) predicts the emergence of mirror neurons with predictive properties. In this framework, we analyse how mirror neurons become a dynamic system that performs active inferences about the actions of others and allows joint actions despite sensorimotor delays. We explore how this system performs a projection of the self onto others, with egocentric biases to contribute to mind-reading. Finally, we argue that Hebbian learning predicts mirror-like neurons for sensations and emotions and review evidence for the presence of such vicarious activations outside the motor system.
峰电位时间依赖可塑性被认为是赫布学习的神经生理学基础，并且已被证明对突触前和突触后活动之间的偶然性和连续性都很敏感。在这里，我们将研究在存在直接或间接再传入（例如看到/听到自己的动作）的情况下，将这种赫布学习规则应用于相互连接的神经元系统如何预测具有预测特性的镜像神经元的出现。在此框架中，我们分析镜像神经元如何成为一个动态系统，该系统对他人的动作进行主动推理，并允许在存在感觉运动延迟的情况下进行联合动作。我们探索这个系统如何将自我投射到他人身上，以自我中心偏差来促进读心术。最后，我们认为赫布学习预测了用于感觉和情感的类镜像神经元，并回顾了运动系统之外存在这种替代性激活的证据。
