School of Social Work, Marywood University, 2300 Adams Ave., Immaculata Hall, Scranton, PA, 18509, USA.
Social Sciences Department, Marywood University, 2300 Adams Ave., Liberal Arts Building, Scranton, PA, 18509, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2021 Jan;50(1):263-275. doi: 10.1007/s10508-020-01842-4. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
College students often confide in their friends following sexual assaults. Friends' reactions may include a variety of emotions and helping behaviors; prior victimization, knowing the accused, and rape myth acceptance may affect these. A sample of 1016 students at a religiously affiliated university completed quantitative surveys measuring their rape myth acceptance, history of sexual assault victimization, disclosures received, and reactions to the most recent disclosure. A subset of 636 students (506 females, 130 males) reported receiving at least one rape disclosure from a friend. Regression analysis of the subset revealed that participants' rape myth acceptance, victimization histories, and relationships to the accused influenced reactions to friends who were sexually assaulted. Students who endorsed rape myths were less likely to lend support to survivors; they were also more likely to experience shame and anger, and to blame their sexually assaulted friends. Students who shared friends with both the survivor and the accused were more likely to offer support to the survivor, experience feelings of divided loyalty, and blame the survivor. Blaming or feeling embarrassed toward survivors was associated with a tendency to advise them on how to avoid revictimization. This suggests that some disclosure recipients focused on their friend's behavior to explain the sexual assault. Cognitive dissonance theory may partially explain the findings.
大学生在遭受性侵犯后通常会向朋友倾诉。朋友的反应可能包括各种情绪和帮助行为；先前的受害经历、认识被告以及接受强奸谬论可能会影响这些反应。一项针对一所宗教附属大学的 1016 名学生的样本完成了定量调查，测量了他们对强奸谬论的接受程度、性侵犯受害史、收到的披露以及对最近一次披露的反应。636 名学生（506 名女性，130 名男性）的子集报告至少收到过一次来自朋友的性侵犯披露。对子集的回归分析表明，参与者对强奸谬论的接受程度、受害经历以及与被告的关系影响了他们对性侵犯朋友的反应。认可强奸谬论的学生更不可能向幸存者提供支持；他们也更有可能感到羞耻和愤怒，并指责他们遭受性侵犯的朋友。与幸存者和被告都有朋友的学生更有可能向幸存者提供支持，体验到忠诚分裂的感觉，并指责幸存者。对幸存者的责备或尴尬感与建议他们如何避免再次受害的倾向有关。这表明，一些披露接受者关注朋友的行为来解释性侵犯。认知失调理论可以部分解释这些发现。
