Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Charité, University School of Medicine, Berlin, Germany.
Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Oct;144(1):12-27. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.04.007. Epub 2014 Apr 27.
Natriuretic peptides (NPs) are a group of peptide-hormones mainly secreted from the heart, signaling via c-GMP coupled receptors. NP are well known for their renal and cardiovascular actions, reducing arterial blood pressure as well as sodium reabsorption. Novel physiological functions have been discovered in recent years, including activation of lipolysis, lipid oxidation, and mitochondrial respiration. Together, these responses promote white adipose tissue browning, increase muscular oxidative capacity, particularly during physical exercise, and protect against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Exaggerated NP release is a common finding in congestive heart failure. In contrast, NP deficiency is observed in obesity and in type-2 diabetes, pointing to an involvement of NP in the pathophysiology of metabolic disease. Based upon these findings, the NP system holds the potential to be amenable to therapeutical intervention against pandemic diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance, and arterial hypertension. Various therapeutic approaches are currently under development. This paper reviews the current knowledge on the metabolic effects of the NP system and discusses potential therapeutic applications.
利钠肽（NPs）是一组主要由心脏分泌的肽类激素，通过与 cGMP 偶联受体信号转导。NP 以其肾脏和心血管作用而闻名，可降低动脉血压和钠重吸收。近年来发现了新的生理功能，包括脂解、脂质氧化和线粒体呼吸的激活。这些反应共同促进白色脂肪组织褐变，增加肌肉氧化能力，尤其是在运动期间，并预防饮食诱导的肥胖和胰岛素抵抗。NP 释放过度是充血性心力衰竭的常见现象。相反，肥胖症和 2 型糖尿病患者中观察到 NP 缺乏，提示 NP 参与了代谢疾病的病理生理学。基于这些发现，NP 系统有可能针对肥胖症、胰岛素抵抗和动脉高血压等流行疾病进行治疗干预。目前正在开发各种治疗方法。本文综述了 NP 系统的代谢作用的现有知识，并讨论了潜在的治疗应用。
