Departments of Anatomy and Physiology, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin 2, Ireland.
Department of Kinesiology, Recreation and Sport, Indiana State University , Indiana, USA.
J Sports Sci Med. 2014 May 1;13(2):280-6. eCollection 2014 May.
This study compared stride length, stride frequency, contact time, flight time and foot-strike patterns (FSP) when running barefoot, and in minimalist and conventional running shoes. Habitually shod male athletes (n = 14; age 25 ± 6 yr; competitive running experience 8 ± 3 yr) completed a randomised order of 6 by 4-min treadmill runs at velocities (V1 and V2) equivalent to 70 and 85% of best 5-km race time, in the three conditions. Synchronous recording of 3-D joint kinematics and ground reaction force data examined spatiotemporal variables and FSP. Most participants adopted a mid-foot strike pattern, regardless of condition. Heel-toe latency was less at V2 than V1 (-6 ± 20 vs. -1 ± 13 ms, p < 0.05), which indicated a velocity related shift towards a more FFS pattern. Stride duration and flight time, when shod and in minimalist footwear, were greater than barefoot (713 ± 48 and 701 ± 49 vs. 679 ± 56 ms, p < 0.001; and 502 ± 45 and 503 ± 41 vs. 488 ±4 9 ms, p < 0.05, respectively). Contact time was significantly longer when running shod than barefoot or in minimalist footwear (211±30 vs. 191 ± 29 ms and 198 ± 33 ms, p < 0.001). When running barefoot, stride frequency was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in conventional and minimalist footwear (89 ± 7 vs. 85 ± 6 and 86 ± 6 strides·min(-1)). In conclusion, differences in spatiotemporal variables occurred within a single running session, irrespective of barefoot running experience, and, without a detectable change in FSP. Key pointsDifferences in spatiotemporal variables occurred within a single running session, without a change in foot strike pattern.Stride duration and flight time were greater when shod and in minimalist footwear than when barefoot.Stride frequency when barefoot was higher than when shod or in minimalist footwear.Contact time when shod was longer than when barefoot or in minimalist footwear.Spatiotemporal variables when running in minimalist footwear more closely resemble shod than barefoot running.
这项研究比较了赤脚、极简鞋和传统跑鞋跑步时的步长、步频、触地时间、腾空时间和足触地方式（FSP）。14 名习惯穿鞋的男性运动员（年龄 25±6 岁；竞技跑步经验 8±3 年）在三种条件下以跑步机 6×4 分钟跑步的方式完成随机顺序，速度（V1 和 V2）分别相当于 70%和 85%的最佳 5 公里比赛时间。3D 关节运动学和地面反作用力数据的同步记录检查了时空变量和 FSP。大多数参与者无论条件如何，都采用了中足着地方式。后跟脚尖延迟在 V2 时比 V1 时更小（-6±20 比-1±13 毫秒，p<0.05），这表明与速度相关的向更前足着地方式的转变。在穿鞋和极简鞋的情况下，步幅时间和腾空时间大于赤脚（713±48 和 701±49 比 679±56 毫秒，p<0.001；502±45 和 503±41 比 488±49 毫秒，p<0.05）。与赤脚或极简鞋相比，穿鞋时的触地时间显著更长（211±30 比 191±29 毫秒和 198±33 毫秒，p<0.001）。赤脚跑步时，步频明显高于传统鞋和极简鞋（89±7 比 85±6 和 86±6 步·分钟（-1））（p<0.001）。结论：在单次跑步过程中，时空变量存在差异，而不考虑赤脚跑步经验，并且，足触地方式没有明显变化。关键点在单次跑步过程中发生了时空变量的差异，而足触地方式没有改变。与赤脚相比，穿鞋和极简鞋时步幅时间和腾空时间更长。赤脚跑步时的步频高于穿鞋和极简鞋。穿鞋时的触地时间比赤脚或极简鞋时更长。穿极简鞋跑步时的时空变量更接近穿鞋而不是赤脚跑步。
