Song Lisheng, Chen Xingshi, Chen Meijuan, Tang Yunxiang, Wang Jijun, Zhang Mingdao, Lou Feiying, Liang Jianhua, Chen Chong
Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
Department of Electrophysiology, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China. Emal:
Chin Med J (Engl). 2014;127(9):1651-5.
Nicotine may improve schizophrenia patient's cognitive deficit symptoms. This study was to explore the chronic effects of smoking on prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex (PPI) and P50 in the patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES).
The event-related potentials (ERP) recording and analysis instrument made by Brain Products, Germany, was used to detect PPI and P50 in 49 male FES patients (FES group, n = 21 for smokers and n = 28 for non-smokers) and 43 normal male controls (control group, n = 19 for smokers and n = 24 for non-smokers).
Compared with normal controls, the FES group had prolonged PPI latency when elicited by single stronger stimulus (P < 0.05); the FES group had prolonged PPI latency and increased PPI amplitude (P < 0.05, 0.01) when elicited by weak and strong stimuli. The FES group had lower PPI inhibition rate than normal controls (P < 0.05). Compared with normal controls, the FES group had increased P50-S2 amplitude and increased amplitude ratio S2/S1 (both P <0.05). In the control group, the smokers had a tendency of increase in P50-S2 amplitude (P > 0.05) and shorter P50-S2 latency (P < 0.05) than the non-smokers. The smokers had higher PPI amplitude than the non-smokers (P < 0.05). In the FES group, the smokers had higher P50-S1 amplitude, shorter P50-S2 latency, and higher amplitude ratio S2/S1 than the non-smokers (P < 0.05, 0.01). The smokers had higher PPI amplitude than the non-smokers (P < 0.05).
There is obvious PPI and P50 deficits in schizophrenic patients. However, these deficits are relatively preserved in the smokers compared with the non-smokers, which suggests that long-term smoking might partially improve the sensory gating in schizophrenic patients. Whether this conclusion can be deduced to female patients requires further follow-ups.
尼古丁可能改善精神分裂症患者的认知缺陷症状。本研究旨在探讨吸烟对首发精神分裂症（FES）患者惊吓反射前脉冲抑制（PPI）和P50的慢性影响。
采用德国Brain Products公司生产的事件相关电位（ERP）记录与分析仪器，检测49例男性FES患者（FES组，吸烟者21例，非吸烟者28例）和43例正常男性对照者（对照组，吸烟者19例，非吸烟者24例）的PPI和P50。
与正常对照组相比，FES组在单个较强刺激诱发时PPI潜伏期延长（P<0.05）；在弱刺激和强刺激诱发时，FES组PPI潜伏期延长且PPI波幅增加（P<0.05，0.01）。FES组的PPI抑制率低于正常对照组（P<0.05）。与正常对照组相比，FES组P50-S2波幅增加且S2/S1波幅比值增加（均P<0.05）。在对照组中，吸烟者P50-S2波幅有增加趋势（P>0.05），P50-S2潜伏期短于非吸烟者（P<0.05）。吸烟者的PPI波幅高于非吸烟者（P<0.05）。在FES组中，吸烟者的P50-S1波幅更高、P50-S2潜伏期更短、S2/S1波幅比值更高，均高于非吸烟者（P<0.05，0.01）。吸烟者的PPI波幅高于非吸烟者（P<0.05）。
精神分裂症患者存在明显的PPI和P50缺陷。然而，与非吸烟者相比，吸烟者的这些缺陷相对保留，这表明长期吸烟可能部分改善精神分裂症患者的感觉门控。该结论能否推广至女性患者有待进一步随访。
